A History Of English Utilitarianism1902 |
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ABRAHAM TUCKER abstract admit altruism appear argument Associationist attempt benevolence Bentham chapter character common conduct considered course Cumberland Data of Ethics Deontology desire difficulty Dissertation distinction doctrine earlier egoism Empiricism essay ethical system ethical theory Ethology evolution examination explain fact feeling greatest happiness Hartley Hedonism HENRY SIDGWICK Hobbes human nature Hume Hume's Ibid idea imply important individual Inquiry interest Intuitionism intuitive J. S. Mill James Mill justice later Laws of Nature logical means ment merely Methods of Ethics Mill Mill's mind moral agent moral sense moralists motive Natural Law necessary obligation original Paley particular passage perfect Philosophy pleasures and pains position practically present Professor Sidgwick question rational reason recognised regarded result says seems self-interest Shaftesbury Social Statics society Spencer supposed sympathy tendency theological things tion Treatise treatment of Ethics truth Tucker ultimate Utilitarianism virtue whole wholly writers
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หน้า 243 - Human nature is not a machine to be built after a model, and set to do exactly the work prescribed for it, but a tree, which requires to grow and develop itself on all sides, according to the tendency of the inward forces which make it a living thing.
หน้า 226 - In sober truth, nearly all the things which men are hanged or imprisoned for doing to one another are Nature's everyday performances. Killing, the most criminal act recognized by human laws, Nature does once to every being that lives, and in a large proportion of cases after protracted tortures such as only the greatest monsters whom we read of ever purposely inflicted on their living fellow creatures.
หน้า 243 - Humboldt, so eminent both as a savant and as a politician, made the text of a treatise— that "the end of man, or that which is prescribed by the eternal or immutable dictates of reason, and not suggested by vague and transient desires, is the highest and most harmonious development of his powers to a complete and consistent whole...
หน้า 240 - That the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. His own good, either physical or moral, is -not a sufficient warrant.
หน้า 226 - ... starves them with hunger, freezes them with cold, poisons them by the quick or slow venom of her exhalations, and has hundreds of other hideous deaths in reserve, such as the ingenious cruelty of a Nabis or a Domitian never surpassed. All this, Nature does with the most supercilious disregard both of mercy and of justice...
หน้า 248 - They say it is exacting too much to require that people shall always act from the inducement of promoting the general interests of society. But this is to mistake the very meaning of a standard of morals, and confound the rule of action with the motive of it.
หน้า 101 - The intercourse of sentiments, therefore, in society and conversation, makes us form some general unalterable standard by which we may approve or disapprove of characters and manners.
หน้า 246 - But there is no known Epicurean theory of life which does not assign to the pleasures of the intellect, of the feelings and imagination, and of the moral sentiments, a much higher value as pleasures than to those of mere sensation.
หน้า 306 - I believe that the experiences of utility organized and consolidated through all past generations of the human race, have been producing corresponding nervous modifications, which, by continued transmission and accumulation, have become in us certain faculties of moral intuition — certain emotions responding to right and wrong conduct, which have no apparent basis in the individual experiences of utility.
หน้า 249 - The social state is at once so natural, so necessary, and so habitual to man, that, except in some unusual circumstances or by an effort of voluntary abstraction, he never conceives himself otherwise than as a member of a body; and this association is rivetted more and more, as mankind are further removed from the state of savage independence.