Basic WritingsUniversity of Illinois Press, 9 มิ.ย. 2003 - 178 หน้า This book contains the first English translations of The Origin of the Moral Sensations and Psychological Observations, the two most important works by the German philosopher Paul Rée. These essays present Rée’s moral philosophy, which influenced the ideas of his close friend Friedrich Nietzsche considerably. Nietzsche scholars have often incorrectly attributed to him arguments and ideas that are Rée’s and have failed to detect responses to Rée’s works in Nietzsche’s writings. Rée’s thinking combined two strands: a pessimistic conception of human nature, presented in the French moralists’ aphoristic style that would become a mainstay of Nietzsche’s own writings, and a theory of morality derived from Darwin’s theory of natural selection. Rée’s moral Darwinism was a central factor prompting Nietzsche to write On the Genealogy of Morals and the groundwork for much of today’s “evolutionary ethics.” In an illuminating critical introduction, Robin Small examines Rée’s life and work, locating his application of evolutionary concepts to morality within a broader history of Darwinism while exploring Rée’s theoretical and personal relationship with Nietzsche. In placing Nietzsche in his intellectual and social context, Small profoundly challenges the myth of Nietzsche as a solitary thinker. |
เนื้อหา
Acknowledgments | ix |
PSYCHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS | 1 |
CONTENTS | 5 |
On Women Love and Marriage | 37 |
Mixed Thoughts | 50 |
On Religious Things | 63 |
Notes | 79 |
Preface | 85 |
The Origin of Conscience | 100 |
The Origin of Vanity | 126 |
Moral Progress | 153 |
Review and Conclusion | 161 |
169 | |
175 | |
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คำและวลีที่พบบ่อย
achieve acquired admiration and envy advantage ambition ambitious person animals appear arises arouse bad actions bad and blameworthy beauty benevolence blame blameworthy action called character committed compassion condemned contempt contrast Darwin desire despised deter displeasing distinguished egoistic actions egoistic drive envious Eugen Dühring example fact fear of punishment feeling of justice Friedrich Nietzsche Genealogy of Morals habit happiness Hence human idea of blameworthiness individuals innate instinct intellectual J. S. Mill Lamarck less malicious pleasure Malwida von Meysenbug marriage Moral Sensations motives murder natural selection Nietzsche Nietzsche's non-egoism non-egoistic actions non-egoistic behavior non-egoistic drive non-egoistic feelings object one's oneself opinion Origin ourselves Paul Rée peccatum philosophical Plato pleasant pleasing possession praise present qualities rational reason Rée's regarded remorse retribution sake satisfaction Schadenfreude Schopenhauer selfless sense of honor shame someone strive suffering superiority things thought tion unhappy utility vanity Vauvenargues well-being whereas Whoever woman women
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