the physician of man. That the veterinarian needs a high educational equipment requires no argument and our students admitted on the higher requirements have constantly been complimented by the instructors as doing better than those who were less perfectly pre. pared. They could devote all their natural powers to the work, without making extra and exhausting efforts. Able and earnest men among former students, though entering with less equipment accomplished excellent results. The better equipped student of to-day, with less mental effort, can and does make similar achievements. With an uniformly better preparation we can bring up the general average to the status formerly attained by exceptional men only. But to go back to lower requirements is only to condemn the great mass of the veterinary profession to a standard below that which is demanded by the science of the twentieth century.

Another consideration is fatal to any proposal to go back to a lower standard of education. The great advancement in agricultural education under the fostering care of the government is popularizing technical knowledge along these lines, so that the average stock owner can no longer rest satisfied with a veterinary service which is not based throughout on a solid foundation of science. The improvement in agricultural schools must therefore carry with it a parallel improvement in veterinary education. The old, uneducated practitioner, unspoiled by science, must submit to be more or less abruptly crowded out, and the belated college, dosing along in the old ruts, must soon realize that its graduates are not those in demand by the intelligence of to-day and that its day of usefulness is passed.

In other fields the same demand for the educated man is increasingly in evidence. The examinations for the army veterinarian and for federal, state and municipal inspectors are made more and more exacting, and, though the demand for such officials far exceeds the supply, yet it is strictly limited to the alumni who show the best equipment, while the mere possession of a diploma is an insufficient guarantee. The same remark applies with even greater force in regard to those selected as teachers in agricultural colleges and workers in experiment stations. A diploma from an old styled veterinary college counts for little, while the man who has passed through a thorough course and shown capacity for advanced work is sought after.

DEPARTMENTAL WORK

In anatomy the general excellence of the entering class is es

pecially worthy of notice. The general average is very high and conditions are unknown. One thesis on the anatomy of the foot, profusely illustrated by original drawings from dissections, deserves special notice. With the increasing classes, Dr. Hopkins voices the need of additional laboratory space for osteology, and an assistant with rank and salary of an instructor.

In physiology and pharmacology, with a re-arrangement of courses, Dr. Fish reports better results. Different seniors in preparing their theses have made important researches with barium chloride as a purgative; tetanus; rhus toxicodendron, its physiological action; and pilocarpine, its physiological action. Dr. Fish has published papers on arecoline; canine toxaemia; action of sodium benzoate on the digestive enzymes and metabolism; and albuminuric variations in micturition.

In comparative pathology and bacteriology a new course has been started on laboratory methods of diagnosis and meat inspection. Special investigations have been made in agglutination tests in glanders; inoculations for axthrax; action of smelter smoke on animals; and clinical examination of blood of animals.

In surgery and obstetrics the courses have been re-arranged with advantage, it is believed, to both teacher and student, and special investigations in anaesthesia and roaring give promise of very important results. Dr. Williams records a decrease in the number of cases in the surgical clinic, and draws attention to the desirability of an accomplished clinician to assist in the hospital clinic and to attend at the same time to cases outside the hospital. For the latter purpose additional means would be required for the visitation of outside cases along with the students.

In veterinary medicine and contagious diseases there has been no material change, nor in the progress of the students. The completion of the second edition of my Veterinary Medicine, vol. IV, has brought the text-book up to date, so that the class has had special advantages over its predecessors. The drawbacks referred to in former reports remain, and must do so until increase of income shall warrant the installment of a more complete equipment in this particular department.

At last, after ten years of protest, the great iniquity of the selection of imported tuberculous cattle, to be added to the herds of the State, has been recognized, and the Commissioner of Agriculture has been empowered to put a stop to the practice. But the provision which

has so long made a bid for the concealment and extension of glanders in city horses, remains unredressed and the extension of that great peril to beast and man has never been greater than at the present time. Again the folly of placing the direction of animal sanitation in the hands of a layman continues, and under these circumstances the extinction of animal plagues cannot be hoped for. Contagious abortion in cows extends year by year, the same is true of tuberculosis, and rabies in dogs prevails from the extreme end of Nassau County to Erie. A staff is maintained by the State for dealing with contagious and communicable diseases in animals, but fails to put in operation the very first principal of veterinary sanitation, which aims at the final extinction of the plagues by the destruction of every living germ, so that none may be left to start a new case of the malady. In former reports I have drawn attention to the value of the closest relation between the education in the State College and the work of suppression of animal plagues in the field, as also the value to the State of having the best and most effective supervision of the sanitary campaign. The need grows greater rather than less with the steadily increasing attendance of students in the College and the constant and progressive multiplication of our live stock.

NEEDS OF THe college

A crematory, planned for in the list of essentials eleven years ago, is more imperatively demanded now than ever before, seeing that the College is now closed in on the east by the athletic field and the College of Agriculture, we are directly on a main route to both, and the outlet hitherto used for our refuse, is liable to become objectionable in early autumn and late spring. The estimate put on a crematory in 1896 was $1,500, to which must now be added the material enhancement of prices since that date, and the cost of running the furnace. An ambulance is needed for bringing in sick animals, together with a team to operate it,aud a carriage to convey a clinical professor and students to outside patients. This would demand $1,000. An accomplished clinical professor to conduct this practical work would require $3,000. Such a professor should be a man of thorough and up-to-date education and large experience, as this is demanded not alone to secure the profit and confidence of clients, but also to give such expert field training to the senior students as will round out the class-room work in the same fields, to secure and preserve such morbid products as can be made the basis of clinical lectures, microbian cultures, diagnostic inoculations, and chemical analysis as each case

may demand, and to carry out measures of soil, water, food, air, chemical, medicinal and serum prophylaxis and therapeutics as each particular case may need. If the State cannot avail of the science of the College for its general veterinary sanitation, the College should at least be enabled to avail for educational purposes of such material in the pathological field as comes within a reasonable distance of Tompkins County.

An experimental ward for larger animals is an important adjunct to the chair of practice just named. I frequently ineet with outbreaks of what are manifestly communicable affections, and therefore more or less of the order of plagues, but which do not prove to be readily communicable to any of the smaller experimental animals and in the absence of any fund for the large experimental subjects, or premises to conduct such research in, the opportunity is lost and the hope of future intelligent, preventive measures has to be abandoned. The true solution of this is to be found in a farm for research with the means of sustaining it, as has been inagurated in Pennsylvania, but, in the absence of this, an experimental ward with adequate support is a modest requirement. Such a building may be put up for $2,000 and $2,000 more should furnish fair running expenses.

The south wing, originally planned for the college with a larger amphitheatre, and further accommodations for scientific laboratory work of various kinds is demanded alike by our growing classes and above all by the greatly increased classes which may be expected from the College of Agriculture.

Professors Fish and Hopkins who have conducted their departments earnestly and successfully on salaries below the standard allowed to the full professor should have their incomes raised to $3,000 each. This would require $500 more than in former years.

Finally each professor is urgent in requesting more accomplished assistants at an increase of salary.

This would make a sum total of $40,000 to $50,000, for which we must look rather to the future than to the year 1907-1908. That the estimate is modest may be deduced from the fact that Illinois is now providing for a state veterinary college at a cost for buildings and equipment of $250,000 (two-fifths more than New York expended for this purpose), and has provided $30,000 for maintenance for the first year, though it can only hope for a class of freshmen at the outset. Whatever increase is made in our State appropriation for the

coming year must be expended for the most urgent of our growing needs according to the amount furnished and the terms of the appropriation.

Respectfully submitted,

JAMES LAW,

Director of the New York State Veteriuary College

APPENDIX VIII

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE NEW YORK STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE

To the President of the University:

SIR-The College of Agriculture has grown in the past year in the accession of men on the staff, in number of students, and in the approaching completion of the new buildings.

I regret to report, however, that the year has been marked by the resignation of Professor T. F. Hunt, whose work and influence as a teacher for the four years of his connection with Cornell University have been of the greatest value in contributing to the establishing of worthy and substantial ideals in the College of Agriculture in a time when the great changes in the College have needed poise and good judgment. He is not leaving agricultural work, however, but is transferring his efforts to the neighboring State of Pennsylvania, where the problems of agricultural education and research are very similar to those in New York; and he carries with him to that work the good wishes of the entire staff and student body.

The increase in students in the College of Agriculture has exceeded the capacity of the equipment and facilities at our disposal, inasmuch as we have not been able to use any part of the new buildings for the entire college year, and large parts of them not at all. The total enrollment of students registered in the College of