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proposes to catalogue certain of our agricultural courses as part of the elective work leading to a degree in that institution; and we naturally desire fully to merit this recognition.

We also have a rural school house, and school gardens in the city and on the campus. These will be good laboratories and proving grounds. I regret that the special committee, to which the matter was referred, declined to allow us to organize a rural school in the rural school house. Thereby, it seems to me, we have not only missed an opportunity to serve the State in a new capacity, but have deprived ourselves of an effective means of training teachers.

While the funds accruing from the Nelson Act are available for all the purposes specified in the Land Grant Act, it is not mandatory that they be used for all those objects. In fact, the Secretary of the Interior has decided that these funds may be used wholly for agriculture, in the following ruling:

"To have obtained or to hereafter obtain benefit under the acts of 1862 and 1890, the states claiming must have given assent to the provisions of those acts. No new condition is added or new purpose declared by the act of 1907, and therefore an assent given under that act would add nothing to one given under the previous acts; that is, legislative assent to the provisions of this act of 1907 would add nothing to the obligation already assumed by the various states and territories. This fact, coupled with the further fact that no requirement as to the legislative assent is found in the act of 1907, justifies the conclusion that no such assent is necessary thereunder."

In view of the fact that the Nelson Act was secured through the influence of teachers of agriculture, and of the present urgent necessity for training teachers for elementary work (as recognized in the bill), and also of the fact that there has been disagreement with the way in which the funds accruing from the acts of 1862 and 1890 have been expended in many states, I recommend that Cornell University devote the entire proceeds of the act of 1907, as they shall accrue, to perfecting the means of training teachers for rural schools in agriculture and mechanic arts, thereby taking advanced ground.

II. The forests are important sources of wealth and prosperity in New York State. There are great tracts of public forests. Almost every farm of any size also has its forest. Almost one-third of New York is in woodland. In the last census year New York led all the states of the Union in the value of farm forest products. These forests are related also to maintenance of streams, water power, water supplies, floods, fish and game, climate and the general attractiveness

of the country. No institution in the state is teaching forestry. The state is greatly in need of an enlightened intelligence on these questions. They are primarily agricultural questions. The forest is a crop. Whatever forestry work is done by the University should be a part of the College of Agriculture. This College of Agriculture is giving advice on many crops of much less importance than the forest crop.

If nothing of larger scope can be undertaken, I recommend that a beginning be made by the establishing of a single chair of forestry. We have some forest on the University farm with which to begin as a laboratory. Land could be purchased in this part of the State on which to establish a commercial forest We should then be in position to aid the State, in case our services were desired, in the state forests. In fact, I anticipate that the state forests would come to be in a very important sense laboratories and trial grounds for such department, the work always being done, however, under the administration of the regular state authorities provided for the care of the forests. Such a professorship ought to grow in importance year by year, rendering direct service both to the farmers and to the state government. It should be able to make a beginning towards meeting the economic needs of the people, providing one more agency to educate persons in terms of their daily lives, and to train professional foresters.

Respectfully submitted,

L. H. BAILEY,

Director of the New York State College of Agriculture

APPENDIX IX

REPORT OF THE PROFESSOR IN CHARGE OF THE
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

To the President of the University:

SIR-I have the honor to report respecting the work and needs of the College of Architecture for the academic year 1906-1907, as follows:

The College of Architecture, in common with many other departments of the University, did the first third of the year's work under the most trying conditions, due to unfinished quarters; but the situation has been cheerfully accepted and, although we have been obliged during a great part of the year to make room for mechanics and laborers, and at the end of the year still find our rooms unfinished in some minor respects, we have had a very satisfactory year in the matter of work accomplished. The new quarters in White and Franklin have proved quite as satisfactory as we had hoped. Of course they are not ideal in point of convenience nor are they architecturally admirable either in composition or in detail; but the arrangement of rooms is reasonably good, we do have excellently lighted drafting rooms well arranged, the special exhibition room is a most valuable adjunct, and the rooms in Franklin for freehand drawing classes are a great improvement over anything we have previously had for this work, the only serious difficulty being the physical hardship imposed by the 140 or more stairs that separate the top floor of White from the top floor of Franklin.

In attendance there has been a slight increase over last year, the situation indicating a healthy growth and a satisfactory outlook in this respect.

During the early part of the year, up to December at least, the work was much hampered by lack of room, by the noise and dirt incident to alterations, and by the necessity of moving back and forth from one set of rooms to another at frequent intervals. In spite

of all this, however, the work has been fully up to the standard of preceding years, and during the latter part of the year our students have carried off more than their share of honors in the open competition conducted by the Society of Beaux-Arts Architects. During the year drawings have been sent to the annual exhibitions of the several architectural clubs and societies in New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago. Every drawing submitted has been hung and some have been reproduced in illustrated catalogues. Other illustrations of the work of the College appear in the July number of the Architectural Record in an article on the Cornell University College of Architecture.

Of the present needs of the College two seem to me particularly urgent. Of these one has to do with the teaching of certain portions of the work in construction; the other has to do with the method of teaching design.

As you doubtless remember, certain subjects dealing with the theory of construction are and have long been taught outside of the College of Architecture. In the early days of the College when classes were smaller, facilities more limited, and the differentiation between architecture and engineering not so well recognized as now, it was doubtless expedient that such subjects as were allied to engineering should be taught in the College of Civil Engineering. That this work is not now carried out to our satisfaction is absolutely no reflection upon the College of Civil Engineering. With the growth of that College, and the increasing complexity of its organization, it has been increasingly difficult to meet the special requirements of the architectural students, always comparatively few in number. The subjects in the College of Civil Engineering must necessarily be taught by engineers from the engineer's point of view, and in classes where the great majority of the men are studying engineering. Instead of a series of courses arranged to meet the special requirements of architecture, the present arrangement requires that the architects take parts of regular courses arranged for engineers, with the result that by the time the senior year is reached the student in architecture, with about five hours' university training in engineering subjects, finds himself in the same class with engineering students who have had twenty five hours' training in the same subjects, all being obliged to undertake exactly the same work in the same way. This is so manifestly impossible of satisfactory results that to point out the bare facts is sufficient.

The remedy is, of course, separately organized courses for stu

APPENDIX IX

REPORT OF THE PROFESSOR IN CHARGE OF THE
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

To the President of the University:

SIR-I have the honor to report respecting the work and needs of the College of Architecture for the academic year 1906-1907, as follows:

The College of Architecture, in common with many other departments of the University, did the first third of the year's work under the most trying conditions, due to unfinished quarters; but the situation has been cheerfully accepted and, although we have been obliged during a great part of the year to make room for mechanics and laborers, and at the end of the year still find our rooms unfinished in some minor respects, we have had a very satisfactory year in the matter of work accomplished. The new quarters in White and Franklin have proved quite as satisfactory as we had hoped. Of course they are not ideal in point of convenience nor are they architecturally admirable either in composition or in detail; but the arrangement of rooms is reasonably good, we do have excellently lighted drafting rooms well arranged, the special exhibition room is a most valuable adjunct, and the rooms in Franklin for freehan drawing classes are a great improvement over anything we ha previously had for this work, the only serious difficulty being physical hardship imposed by the 140 or more stairs that separ top floor of White from the top floor of Franklin.

In attendance there has been a slight increase over las situation indicating a healthy growth and a satisfator this respect.

During the early part of the work was much hampered by incident to alterations, and

forth from one set of rooms t

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