There is another question, of vital importance to the welfare of the Session, which presses for immediate solution. It is the relation of summer work to advanced degrees. Now this whole matter is in a most unsettled and unsatisfactory condition. An applicant cannot be informed definitely whether or not he may be a candidate for an advanced degree. He hesitates, naturally enough, to come here on uncertainties, and we are in this way losing the opportunity to attract good students, who might be secured if there were some positive action on the part of the Faculty. I do not urge that every such student be received, but it often happens now that if they do come they are able to do work toward a degree. It is the lack of positive rules in the matter which is embarrassing. In most cases it is the master's degree which is in question. The A. M. is tending to become a pedagogic degree. Its possession in several cities brings an increase of salary, and one state at least is making one year of graduate work at a university a condition for license to teach in her high schools. I find the attitude at other universities very favorable to summer study for the master's degree. Some have gone farther in this direction than I should favor. Their action, however, is a proof that they have found the quality of the summer work high. One of the prime objects of our Session was the elevation of high school teaching. This calls for two kinds of instruction, in the actual subjects of the high school curriculum, and in the higher work of the teacher's own department of study. Every teacher in a high school is expected to be a college graduate. If he pursues his own studies farther it is natural for him to seek an advanced degree as evidence of serious study, and the only time possible for the majority of teachers is the summer. For the first named kind of work we are making excellent and efficient provision. I think we should provide as much more of the second as we can, and that we should treat candidates liberally in our legislation in the matter. In this arrangement the proposed School of Education would be a great help, and I trust its organization may not be too long delayed.

GENERAL MATTERS

In addition to the regular class work of the Session, there have been numerous lectures of general interest. Following up the plan of the last two years the Monday lectures have been of a scientific character. The first was given by the President of the University, who spoke on "Science and Education." The other lectures were

given by Professors Titchener, Nichols, Browne, Kimball and Dr. J. F. Jameson of the Carnegie Institution, Washington. The attendance was excellent. On Thursday evenings lectures were given on various subjects by Messrs. Furlong, Fuertes, Condra, Van Sickle and Mann. Mr. Chenhall gave six organ recitals in two of which he had the kind and pleasing assistance of Mrs. Chamot and Professor Pope.

The Sunday evening service of song on the campus west of McGraw Hall was continued to the satisfaction and pleasure of large numbers each week. There appeared some call for regular preaching services on Sunday. It may be worth while to repeat the plan of a morning service in Sage Chapel which we followed two years ago.

The loss of Sage College this year has been felt in several ways. In addition to the advantages of furnishing a residonee near the lecture halls and in the midst of the campus, it has been the center of social life. In a small way two or three of the lodging houses have tried to make up for this, and quite successfully. Through the kindness of Director Smith, and the most efficient assistance of Professors Kimball and Darling, room was given in the Sibley College for the Saturday evening dances, and one of the pleasantest features of the Sage College life was thus preserved and made even more enjoyable than before.

Respectfully submitted,

GEORGE P. BRISTOL, Director of the Summer Session.

APPENDIX XIII

REPORT OF THE WARDEN OF SAGE COLLEGE

To the President of the University:

SIR: I have the honor to submit my report as Warden of Sage College for the year 1907-1908.

The number of students resident in Sage College during both the first and second half years was 169; the number in Sage Cottage during the first half year was 39, during the second half year 36. The total number in the dormitories, therefore, was 208 for the first half year, 205 for the second half year. Three lodging houses accommodating from fifteen to thirty students each, were reserved for women in the fall and kept full during the year. Of these three, one was the Alumnæ House, the plan of which was described in last year's report and which has already demonstrated its power for usefulness and given promise of a long and successful existence. A second house was composed of women of one fraternity, the third of women from various classes who either applied too late for rooms in Sage, or who preferred the greater quiet of life in a smaller establishment. About ten seniors or older students roomed in Cascadilla building. The remainder lived either at home or with friends or in places that were approved by the Warden. The scheme initiated this year of requiring all women registering in the University to register also at the Warden's office, proved of invaluable service in bringing the Warden at once into touch with all for whose housing she was responsible.

Various small improvements were made in the dormitories during the year including the installation of the system of automatic fire alarms and thermostats which were ordered last winter. Since September also a night watchman has patrolled the corridors of the College and Cottage, so that the protection against fire would now seem to be complete. The increase of twenty-five cents weekly in the price of board has made possible some widening in the range of the bill of fare and a small but needed addition to the staff of waiters which has facilitated service in the dining room. In general the table seems to have been wholesome and reasonably satisfactory in

spite of the constantly rising cost of food material. Certain sweeping alterations which are to be made in the College building during the coming summer will improve still more conditions in the dining department, notably, the enlarging and rearranging of parts of the kitchen and of the freshmen dining room. The laying of new hard wood floors throughout the College, the remodelling of a portion of the reception rooms, the addition of a large new hot water boiler to the south wing and the general repainting and repapering and freshening of old furniture there and in the Cottage, which are also to take place in the summer, will much increase the comfort and attractiveness of these dwelling places of the women of the University.

The general health has, in the main, been good, especially during the spring term when sickness of any kind was unusually rare. In October one of the young men who acted as student waiters contracted scarlet fever from some outside source and imparted the infection to other members of the household before the nature of his own malady was discovered. Four young women, two residents of Sage College and two of the Cottage, came down in turn with the fever and were taken to the isolated ward of the City Hospital. Prompt and efficient action on the part of the University Committee on Health prevented the spread of the disease. A trained nurse was brought from the Infirmary and a doctor called morning and evening to keep strict watch over every case of illness, however slight and apparently innocuous and every spot where contagion could have lodged was carefully cleansed and fumigated. A few students took alarm and went home for a week or two or to other houses in town, but on the whole their attitude was cool and sensible and there was no panic. All anxiety for fear of further outbreak had practically ended by Thanksgiving. The cases of fever were uniformly light and the last of the convalescents was released from detention during the Christmas holidays.

Work in the department of physical training and athletics has proceeded steadily as before. Dr. Barringer has paid her customary visit to examine and advise with the women upon their health. To the universal regret she finds it incompatible with the growing demands of her practice in New York to continue her connection with the University another year. The women have profited by her willingness to sacrifice her own interests to theirs for so long, they themselves are appreciating now what her colleagues have felt from the first, the value of her insistence upon a more thorough and systematic oversight of the physical condition of the student body

and a stricter enforcement of precautions against excessive exertion, and also of her efforts to arouse in the community a more intelligent concern for the maintenance of their own health. The new athletic field is slowly taking shape and has already been used for outdoor basketball. The problem of paying for the further grading and improving that are necessary has been simplified by the generosity of Mrs. Andrew D. White, who has offered to double any sum which the students themselves may raise up to five hundred dollars. Next year, it is hoped, will put the field into good enough condition for tennis. The rowing club has its new boat finished and partly paid for and this spring saw the organization of ten class crews. Basketball and tennis have been carried on as usual.

The student government association has passed through a momentous year, particularly in its relations with the women in houses outside the campus. A branch of the association was started in the fall in each of the three larger lodging houses, the rules for conduct which are in force at Sage were adopted by vote of the residents of the houses and a house president was chosen who superintended the administration of the rules and of house affairs in general and represented her house in meetings with the warden or with the general executive committee at Sage College. It has been recognized, however, throughout the year that the constitution with its various distinctions between women within and those without the dormitories was no longer adapted to present conditions when all are officially on the same basis, subject to the same jurisdiction. Accordingly a student committee has recently drawn up a new frame of government which will undoubtedly be adopted with some few alterations by the whole Association next October. The striking features of this instrument are a new membership clause which makes all women registered as students in the University ipso facto members of the organization and provides for local committees meeting weekly to settle minor questions in each house, Sage College and outside houses alike, and a general committee composed of the representatives from each house committee, meeting once a month in different houses by turn to handle more serious matters. The old distinctions between residents of Sage and of outside lodging houses are practically obliterated and the same general regulations are binding upon all. The adoption of this constitution will be one of the most important steps yet taken in the development both of the influence of the student government association and of the idea of unity and homogeneity among the women in the University.