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Italiäner leben unter einen milden Himmel, the Italians live in a mild climate. Most words in el are masc. though there are several fem. and neut.

152. weht, third pers. sing. ind. pres. of the reg, neut, verb wehen, to blow like the wind; it is more noble than blasen, irr. which is said of musical wind instruments. Er bläst die Flöte, he blows or plays the flute. Der Wind wehet stark, the wind blows violently.

153. Die Mirthe still und hoch der Lorbeer steht, the myrtle stands still, and the laurel stands high; the myrtle grows quietly, and the laurel rises high. We had stillestehen, sec. 138. Hoch, adj. makes höher, higher, in the comparative, without the letter c, but it has it in the superlative; der höchste, the highest; das höchste Gut, "summum bonum."

154. Der Lorbeer, or Lorbeerbaum, masc. the laurel tree, the bay tree. Lorbeerblätter, bay leaves. Trees in general are fem. unless the name is coupled with Baum, which makes it masc.; as die mirthe, the myrtle, becomes der Mirthenbaum.

155. Kennst du es wohl? Knowest thou it well? dost thou know it well? es "it" refers to das Land, which is neuter.

156. Dahin, thither, is the adv. there, with the particle hin, which shows the direction from the speaker.

157. möcht' ich mit dir, o mein Geliebter, ziehn! I should like with thee, O my beloved, to move! The nom. ich is behind the verb, on account of the dahin beginning the

sentence.

158. Ich möchte, I should like, is the imp. subj. of the aux. verb, Mögen, which must be learnt in the Grammar. When used as an optative, möchte is generally strengthened by wohl, well, or gern, willingly. Ich möchte wohl der Kaiser seyn! I should like to be the Emperor, says Gleim; and another German poet, (Kospoth) after having declared that he had no wish to be the Pope, adds; yet when he receives his money, I should like to be his cousin or his brother for three short hours.

"Doch streicht er seine Gelder ein
Dann möcht'ich auf drei Stündelein
Sein Vetter oder Bruder seyn."

159. mit der, with thee, dat. mit, prep. constantly governing the dative.

160. o mein Geliebter, my beloved. We observed, sec. 139, that the adj. construed in the vocative must mark the gender; the same takes place with the pron. poss. o mein geliebter Vater, meine geliebte Mutter, mein geliebtes Kind! We had ziehen, sec. 61.

161. auf Säulen, on pillars; auf, prep. upon, is here construed with the dative, because the roof rests, is at rest upon the pillars; eine Säule, fem. a pillar, a column; eine Denksäule, a monument; eine Schandsäule, a pillory.

162. ruht, third pers. sing. ind. pres. regular neut. verb, ruhen, to rest (with haben). nach gethaner Arbeit ist gut ruhen, rest is sweet after the labour is performed. die Kuppel der Kirche ruhet auf vier Säulen, the cupola of the church rests on four pillars.

163. sein Dach, its roof, in reference to Haus, which is neuter, and so is das Dach, the roof. Most words in ach, are neuter, except der Bach, sec. 125, and die Schmach, f. shame, disgrace.

164. Es glänzt der Saal, the hall sparkles. The es is expletive here, and serves merely to throw the nominative behind the verb.

165. glänzen, r. neut. verb (with haben), to shine, to sparkle. Der Saal, es, e, plural, die Säle, masc. the hall, the saloon, the drawing-room. It is generally coupled with a word that denotes the particular destination of such a large room-as der Speisesaal, the dining-room; Der Bildersaal, the picture-gallery; der Büchersaal, the Library; der Tanz, or Ballsaal, the ball-room; der Versammlungsaal, the Assembly-room; der Hörsaal, the lecture-room. In Hamburgh, Saal is a floor with two or three rooms. Hence you often see printed bills in the windows of different houses, stating, hier ist ein Saal zu Hauer, or zu Miethe, here is a floor to let.

166. Schimmern, reg. neut. nerb (with haben) to glitter with a weaker light than shining or sparkling; die Sterne schimmern und die Sonne scheint, the stars glitter, and the sun shines. Das Gemach being a private bed-room, sec. 64, the Poet insinuates that these rooms, though splendidly furnished, are less splendid than the drawing-room. 167. und Marmorbilder stehn, and marble images stand;

marble statues, properly eine Bildsäule, fem. a statue; ein Bild, neut. es, e, plural; Bilder, an image, a picture, a representation of any kind; an allegory. ein Bildhauer, masc. a statuary.

168. und sehn mich an, and look at me. From sehen, sec. 75, to see, and the particle an, at, we make the sep. comp. verb, ansehen, to look at, to perceive by looking at. Warum sehen Sie mich so an? why do you look thus at me? Ich weiss nicht warum ich Sie ansehe. I do not

know why I look at you. Man sieht es Ihnen an dass Sie die Nacht nicht geschlafen haben, one may perceive, by looking at you, that you have not slept last night. Observe that in those cases where the verb is to stand last, the separable particle is again conjoined with the verb. Sehen Sie das Kind an, look at the child. Ich glaube nicht dass Sie das Kind ansehn, I do not believe that you are looking at the child. Nein, dieses ist das Kind welches ich ansehe; No, this is the child which I am looking at.

66

169. After this line you must supply the words, as if they were saying." It is a strong poetical ellipsis, which the German language readily admits.

170. Was hat man dir, du armes Kind, gethan? what has one done, what have they done to thee, thou poor child? du armes Kind, again armes, because Kind, a child, is neuter; das Kind, es, e, plural die Kinder. Da ich noch ein Kind war, when I was yet a child; in my childhood.

171. mein Beschützer, my patron, my protector; der Beschützer, ers, masc. from beschützen, to protect.

172. Kennst du den Berg, knowest thou the mountain; der Berg, es, e, plural, die Berge, the mountain, the mount, the hill, and frequently any rising ground. Hence several German towns are named berg, as Königsberg, King's-hill 1; Johannisberg, St. John's-hill. We say, die Haare standen mir zu Berge, my hair stood on end; er ist über alle Berge, he is gone heaven knows where. Da stehen die Ochsen am Berge, here are the oxen standing at the hill, to denote here is the difficulty, now we are stopped. Wir sind noch nicht über den Berg, we have not yet got over the (hill) difficulty. Der Kreutzberg, near Berlin, is a Sandhill, on which there is an iron monument to commemorate the exploits of the Prussians against the French, in

1813-14-15, during which period the military decoration of hose who most distinguished themselves consisted of an iron cross, worn round the neck by a black ribbon ; ein Kreutz, neut., is a Cross; die Ritter des eisernen Kreutzes, the Knights of the Iron Cross.

173. und seinen Wolkensteg, and its cloudy path; eine Wolke, fem. a cloud; der Steg, es, e, plural, die Stege, the path, the narrow way, the stile.

174. Das Maulthier, es, plural, neut., the mule; but we also have der Maulesel, masc. which has the same signification; but Maulthier is less vulgar.

175. Sucht im Nebel seinen Weg, seeks in the fog his way. Suchen, verb act. and neut., to seek, to search, to look for was suchen sie? what are you looking for? Ich habe meinen Stock in allen Winkeln gesucht und kann ihn nicht finden, I looked for my stick in every corner, but cannot find it. Sie müssen suchen es ein andermal besser zu machen, you must seek (endeavour) to do better another time.

176. im Nebel, contr. for in dem Nebel, in the fog; der Nebel, s, masc. the fog, the mist.

177. Seinen weg, its way, in reference to das Maulthier,

neut.

178. In Höhlen, in caverns; die Höhle, fem. the cave, cavern, den, from hohl, adj. hollow; die Höhlen der wilden Thiere, the dens of wild beasts.

172. wohnt, third pers. sing. ind. pres. of reg. verb neut. wohnen, to dwell, to live. Remember that as you do not say in French, où vivez vous? where do you live? neither must you say in German, Wo leben Sie? but Wo wohnen Sie? where do you dwell? Ich wohne in der breiten Strasse, I live in Broad-street.

180. des Drachen alte Brut, the Dragon's old brood, old race; der Drache, en, masc. the Dragon; alt, adj. old, ancient; die Alten, the Ancients; eine Brut, fem. a brood, a race.

181. Es stürtzt der Fels, the rock falls; again the expletive es, to throw the nominative behind the verb. Stürzen, reg. neut. verb, (with seyn) to fall suddenly with great force; der Regen stürzte in Strömen vom Himmel, the rain came down in torrents from the heaven. Mein Bruder ist gestern vom Pferde gestürzt, my brother had yesterday

E

a violent fall from his horse; actively (with haben) it denotes to plunge, to throw down violently.

182. der Fels, es, plural, die Felsen, or der Felsen, s, masc. the rock. The first is more poetical; the latter is more generally used in common conversation.

183. und über ihn die Fluth, and over it (falls) the flood; die Fluth, fem. a flood, a deluge of water.

184. Kennst du ihn wohl? dost thou know (him, ihn, in reference to der Berg, the mountain, which is masc.) it well?

185. Dahin geht unser Weg, thither goes our way, there lies our way.

186. lass uns ziehn! let us move; lass or lasse, second person sing. imperat. of the auxiliary, lassen, to let, to leave, which must be learnt in the Grammar. In the third person plural it would be lassen Sie uns ziehn! Lassen Sie uns zu Hause bleiben! let us stay at home!

187. The piece of poetry which we select for the vehicle of our instructions, was written by Aloys Blumauer, a Bookseller at Vienna, where he died in 1798. It is called,

DIE BEIDEN MENSCHENGRÖSSEN.

Menschengrössen giebt es zwei hienieden,
Eine jede kleidet ihren Mann.

Das Verdienst webt beide, doch verschieden
Sind die Fäden und die Farben d'ran.

Eine hüllet sich in eitel Licht,

Wo die and're sanfte Farben bricht.

Wie die Sonne glänzt und strahlt die eine,
Welten wärmt und brennet ibre Gluth;
Und die andre gleicht dem Mondenscheine
Der nur Nachts im Stillen Gutes thut.

Jene blendet mit zu vielem Licht,
Diese leuchtet aber blendet nicht.

Wie ein Bergstrom über Felsenstücke
Rauschet jene, laut und fürchterlich ;
Diese windet, unbemerkt dem Blicke
Wie ein Bach durch die Gesträuche sich.
Jene brauset und verheert die Flur
Diese tränket und erquickt sie nur.

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