66 answers here exactly the English one," when it means every one, all human beings, the whole species. Wieland says: "Er stand wie Einer der nicht hörte und nicht sah "He stood there enchanted and transformed into a spirit, like one who neither heard nor saw;" and Goethe makes the fox say of the wolf: "Wenn hätt' ihn auch jemahls Einer so satt gesehen dass er zufrieden gewesen." "And when did one ever see him so satiated that he had been satisfied." Wo er hin soll, where he shall to, which way he shall turn, where he is to begin. One of the advantages derived from the two particles hin and her, marking the direction towards or from the speaker, in which an action is performed, is, that they give us many elliptical expressions, as ich muss hin, I must thither, for I must go thither. Wo soll ich hin? where am I to, for which way am I to go? sie darf nicht hin, she dares not thither, for, she dare not to go thither. 434. Vor Lust, for joy, with pleasure, or delight. The prep. vor before, sec. 10, which sometimes denotes an obstacle, sec. 131, frequently signifies an efficient cause, as here, vor Lust jubeln, to huzza for joy, joy is the cause why we huzza. It seems to be synonymous with für, for. We say, vor Hunger sterben, to die with hunger, to die for hunger, because one is hungry. vor Freude weinen, weep for joy; joy is so excessive that it makes one to weep. 435. die Kumm', for die Kumme, fem. a large deep dish; something deep and hollow in general; hence the bason of a harbour is also eine Kumme; in some parts of Germany, ein Kumpf, ein Kumpfen, or eine Kümme. 436. ausschütten, reg. sep. act. comp. verb, to shake out, to pour out; made of the prep. aus, out, and schütten, to shoot out of a bag or sack: when employed in German with liquids, it is in English to pour. Thus Luther translates Exodus, xxix. 7, Du sollst das Salböl auf sein Haupt schütten," thou shalt take the anointing oil and pour it upon his head." 437. schaun, á contraction for schauen, sec. 351, which in the sense of seeing is more poetical than sehen, and answers the English, to behold, to look with care. Luther translates Job xxxv. 5, Schaue gen Himmel und siehe und schaue an die Wolken "look unto the heavens and see, and behold the clouds." 438. Papa und Mama! father and mother! the poet puts these French words into the mouth of the boy, because he is the son of a count, and children in great families are accustomed to these French denominations from their infancy. The young boy, moreover, alludes to the old clergyman and his wife, whom he calls papa and mamma, merely from a friendly regard, and something like filial attachment. Der liebe Gott, see sec. 267. 439. Kräftig, adj. strong, efficacious, forcible, ener getic, vigorous; but applied to strawberries, refreshing, full of juice; applied to eatables in general, that gives strength; as kräftige Brühe, good strong broth. 440. in der Sahn', for in der Sahne, in the cream, with cream; die Sahne, fem. cream. This denomination prevails in Upper Saxony: in other parts of Germany cream is called der Rahm, es, or Milchrahm. 441. schmecken, reg. act, and neut. verb, to taste, to relish, to feel, to experience, to enjoy. Luther translates Psalms, xxxiv. 8, schmecket wie freundlich der Herr ist. "O taste and see that the Lord is good." Nach etwas schmecken, to have the taste of something; der Wein schmeckt nach dem Fasse, the wine tastes of the wood; es schmeckt mir nicht, I do not relish it, it has no taste in my opinion; die Arbeit will ihm nicht schmecken, he does not relish the work, he is not fond of working. To taste, in the sense of trying a small bit of any eatable, in order to know how it tastes, is, in German, kosten. Der Koch kostet ein Gericht, und er schmeckt dass es zu sehr gesaltzen sey, dass es also nicht gut schmecke, the cook tastes a dish, and he finds (tastes) that it is too much salted, and that of course it does not taste, well. 442. vielmahl köstlicher, many times more exquisite, is a poetical expression. In common life we say, viel köstlicher, much more exquisite. You may use either vielmahl or vielmahls. Er hat es mir vielmahl or vielmahls erzählt, he told me several times. But with the verb danken, to thank, we generally say, ich danke Ihnen vielmahls, I return you many thanks. Köstlich, adj. costly, exquisite, precious, splendid; but kostbar, expensive, costly, in the sense of costing a good deal. Ein Ding kann köstlich seyn, und doch nicht kostbar, a thing may be precious, exquisitely good, and yet not expensive. Luther translates Hebrews, xiii. 9, Es ist ein köstlich Ding dass das Herz fest sey, "it is a good thing that the heart be established with grace;" and Psalm xcii. 1, Das ist ein köstlich Ding dem Herrn danken und lobsingen deinem Namen, du Höchster! "It is a good thing to give thanks unto the Lord, and to sing praises unto thy name, O Most High!" 443. im Weine, a contraction for in dem Weine, in the wine, with wine. Observe the difference of the two languages. In English you say, to eat strawberries with cream or with wine; in German, in cream or in wine; and as we may generalize our ideas, either with the article definite, like the French, or without any article, like the English, we may say, in der Sahne, or in Sahne; im Weine, or in Wein. 444. Prahlerdbeeren, vaunted or showy strawberries. It is a compound word of prahlen, to boast, to vaunt; and Erdbeeren, strawberries. 445. die geschwollenen Beeren, the swoollen berries, the full berries. Geschwollen is the participle past of the irr. neut. schwellen, sec. 251. ringsum, adv. round about; rings is an adverb meaning in a circle, in a round, in a ring. It is generally prefixed to the words um, sec. 36, 234, 276, umher and herum, which all three signify "about;" rings um die Stadt, round about the town. 446. das Gedüft, or das Gedüfte, es, neut. fragrance, strong odour. It is a collective word, made of der Duft, es, pl. die Dufte, masc. vapour, evaporation. 447. durchathmen, reg. act. insep. comp. to breathe through, to animate, to fill. Der Lebenshauch Gottes durchathmet die Welt, the vivifying spirit of God animates the world; der Rosen Gedüfte durchathmet würzig die Luft, the fragrance of roses embalms the air. Würzig, adj. full of spices, aromatic, from Würze, fem. spices, any thing that heightens a flavour. The English proverb, Hunger is the best sauce, is, in German, der Hunger ist die beste Würze. 448. die Gegend, fem. the country round a particular spot, a tract of land, a region: but it never denotes a whole country. Die ganze Gegend umher, the whole country about. 449. Freudig rief und erstaunt der edle bescheidene Walter. This is a poetical construction; in prose it must be, freudig und erstaunt rief der edle, or der edle rief freudig und erstaunt. 450. es erhebet der Reiche sich künstlicher Gärten: the es, at the head of this sentence, is a mere expletive, which enables the poet to throw the nominative, der Reiche, behind the verb erhebet; without it the construction would be der Reiche erhebet sich, as sections 105 and 164; erheben, reg. act. verb, to lift up, to raise, to set off, to extol; sich erheben, refl. to get up from one's seat or couch, to lift one's self up, to rise; and with the genitive, to boast of, to take advantage of, to extol: the rich man prides himself in, or extols, his artificial gardens. 451. rinsen, act. and neut. to bear, and to pay interest, to yield. 452. jeglicher and jedweder are pronouns, which are sometimes used instead of jeder, every one, each. 453. fröhnen, neut. to be in bondage; act. to put in bondage. 454. ohne sein Thun, without his doing any thing for it, without his bestowing any labour upon it. Hence we say in common life, ohne sein Zuthun, without his co-operation, 455. sammeln, reg. act. verb, to collect, to bring together. einsammeln, reg. sep. comp. to gather; ich sammelte ein, ich habe eingesammelt. ein here is the English in or into; to gather in. 456. treu, adj. true, faithful: but here it means, carefully, bounteously. walten, reg. neut. to rule, to administer, to govern; poets often construe it with the genitive, as here, and then it means to take care of, to provide for. Luther translates Psalm ciii. 11, Gott lasst seine Gnade walten über die so ihn fürchten, "Great is his mercy toward them that fear him." 457. The following Ballad was written by G, A. Bürger, the most popular of German poets, who died at Göt tingen in 1794, in his 46th year. His Leonora, which has often been translated into English, would alone insure him immortality. Percy's Relicks was his favourite book. SCHOEN SUSCHEN. Schön Suschen kannt'ich lange Zeit, Voll tugend war's und Sittsamkeit; Ich kam und ging, ich ging und kam, Ganz wohl mir that es, wann ich kam Und es geschah, dass nach der Zeit Da that's mir wann ich schied, so leid, Da hatt'ich keinen Zeitvertreib Da fühlt ich ganz an Seel und Leib, Und fühlte nichts, als sie. Da war ich dumm, und stumm und taub; Vernahm nichts, ausser ihr; Sah nirgends blühen Blum' und Laub; Nur Suschen blühte mir. Nicht Sonne, Mond, und Sternenschein Mir glänzte nur ein Kind; Ich sah, wie in die Sonn' hinein Und sah mein Auge blind. Und wieder kam gar andre Zeit Gar anders ward es mir; Doch alle Tugend, Sittsamkeit Und Schönheit blieb an ihr. Ich kam und ging, ich gin und kam Ganz wohl mir that es, wann ich kam Ihr Weisen hoch und tief gelahrt, Ergrübelt mir, wo, wie und wann, |
