Decoherence and the Appearance of a Classical World in Quantum TheoryErich Joos, H. Dieter Zeh, Claus Kiefer, Domenico J. W. Giulini, Joachim Kupsch, Ion-Olimpiu Stamatescu Springer Science & Business Media, 9 มี.ค. 2013 - 496 หน้า When we were preparing the first edition of this book, the concept of de coherence was known only to a minority of physicists. In the meantime, a wealth of contributions has appeared in the literature - important ones as well as serious misunderstandings. The phenomenon itself is now experimen tally clearly established and theoretically well understood in principle. New fields of application, discussed in the revised book, are chaos theory, informa tion theory, quantum computers, neuroscience, primordial cosmology, some aspects of black holes and strings, and others. While the first edition arose from regular discussions between the authors, thus leading to a clear" entanglement" of their otherwise quite different chap ters, the latter have thereafter evolved more or less independently. While this may broaden the book's scope as far as applications and methods are con cerned, it may also appear confusing to the reader wherever basic assumptions and intentions differ (as they do). For this reason we have rearranged the or der of the authors: they now appear in the same order as the chapters, such that those most closely related to the "early" and most ambitious concept of decoherence are listed first. The first three authors (Joos, Zeh, Kiefer) agree with one another that decoherence (in contradistinction to the Copen hagen interpretation) allows one to eliminate primary classical concepts, thus neither relying on an axiomatic concept of observables nor on a probability interpretation of the wave function in terms of classical concepts. |
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... represent any realistic situation . The assumption of a closed macroscopic system ( and thereby the applicability of the Schrödinger equation ) is by no means justified in the situations which we find in our present universe – not even ...
... represent any realistic situation . The assumption of a closed macroscopic system ( and thereby the applicability of the Schrödinger equation ) is by no means justified in the situations which we find in our present universe – not even ...
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... represent the par- tial Schrödinger waves that pass through one or the other slit . Schrödinger's wave function can itself be understood as a consequence of the superposi- tion principle in being viewed as the amplitudes a ( q ) in the ...
... represent the par- tial Schrödinger waves that pass through one or the other slit . Schrödinger's wave function can itself be understood as a consequence of the superposi- tion principle in being viewed as the amplitudes a ( q ) in the ...
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... represents a specific measurement . In a position measurement , for example , the number n has to be replaced with the ... represent a basis of the corresponding Hilbert space . By introducing an arbitrary " measurement scale " an , one ...
... represents a specific measurement . In a position measurement , for example , the number n has to be replaced with the ... represent a basis of the corresponding Hilbert space . By introducing an arbitrary " measurement scale " an , one ...
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... represent a coordinate transfor- mation . Even a measurement of the particle's potential energy is equivalent to a position measurement ( up to degeneracy ) if the function V ( r ) is given . According to this definition , quantum ...
... represent a coordinate transfor- mation . Even a measurement of the particle's potential energy is equivalent to a position measurement ( up to degeneracy ) if the function V ( r ) is given . According to this definition , quantum ...
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... represent a " dynamical dualism " . This was first clearly formulated by von Neumann ( 1932 ) , who distinguished between the unitary evolution according to the Schrödinger equation ( remarkably his " zweiter Eingriff " or " second ...
... represent a " dynamical dualism " . This was first clearly formulated by von Neumann ( 1932 ) , who distinguished between the unitary evolution according to the Schrödinger equation ( remarkably his " zweiter Eingriff " or " second ...
เนื้อหา
1 | |
6 | |
41 | |
Decoherence in Quantum Field Theory | 181 |
Consistent Histories and Decoherence | 227 |
Giulini | 259 |
Open Quantum Systems | 316 |
Stochastic Collapse Models | 357 |
Related Concepts and Methods | 383 |
A1 Equation of Motion of a Mass Point | 394 |
Green Functions | 402 |
A4 Quantum Correlations | 415 |
A6 Galilean Symmetry | 425 |
A7 Stochastic Processes | 432 |
Stochastic Differential Equations | 439 |
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algebra approximation assumed atom Brownian motion Chap classical coherence collapse commute components corresponding coupling decay decohered decoherence defined degrees of freedom density matrix dependence derived described diagonal Diósi discussed dynamics eigenstates electromagnetic ensemble entanglement entropy environment equation of motion evolution example exponential field formal Gaussian Ghirardi given Hamiltonian Heisenberg picture hence Hilbert space initial interaction interference interpretation Kiefer leads linear macroscopic master equation models molecules momentum Neumann nonlocal observables oscillator parameter particle phase space photon Phys physical pointer position probability projection properties pure quantum mechanics quantum system quantum theory quantum Zeno effect reduced density matrix representation represented result rotation scattering Schrödinger equation Sect spacetime spatial statistical operator stochastic subspaces subsystem superposition principle superselection rules superselection sectors symmetry timescale tion transition unitary variables vector wave function wave packets Wigner function Zurek