as a purely cultural accomplishment, I still believe that the courses in drawing offered by the College of Architecture are best.

Respectfully submitted,

CLARENCE A. MARTIN,

Director of the College of Architecture.

APPENDIX X

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE COLLEGE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

To the President of the University:

Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report for the College of Civil Engineering for the year 1907-1908.

The registration for the year, as shown by the class roll calls, has been as follows, classifying according to subjects taken rather than by official standing as in the register:

This list includes 45 graduates in the undergraduate courses. Of the new students, eight entered the sophomore, 11 the junior and three the senior class.

This shows a healthy growth from last year, the registration then being 469 for the first and 449 for the second term, or an increase of 37 and 48, respectively.

Instruction has also been given to students from other Colleges as follows:

The College has had during the year all of Lincoln Hall at its disposal. In addition it required room in other buildings for 14 classes the first term, and for nine classes the second term. Some difficulty was experienced in securing these rooms which emphasizes the importance of providing for further growth at an early date. In my report a year ago, I called attention to the importance of having a larger students' reading room, more space for experimental work in concrete and reinforced concrete, and a lecture room that would seat all of the members of one class or about 150 students. The College has also reached a point where it should have very much more space for its testing laboratory.

The fact that the number of students in attendance in the College has doubled in five years explains the situation. It is indeed gratifying to see such a growth and it speaks well for the instruction given. It does, however, tax resources to the limit, for with this growth more instruments, more apparatus, more space and a larger instructing staff are required. If Lincoln Hall could be enlarged by the extension of one of the wings eastward, to the east line of Goldwin Smith Hall, at an early date, the additional room that it would afford could be used to excellent advantage.

A year ago some few changes were made in the courses of instruction. Descriptive geometry was moved from the sophomore into the freshman year, made a recitation course, and combined with first year drawing. The results so far indicate that the change was a good one.

A new course in reinforced concrete construction was established. The subject is an important one, as is attested by the fact that 65 students took the course.

A new course in steel building construction was established, which is considered an important one, and 26 students took this

course.

The work of the College in sanitary engineering was strengthened by adding more chemistry to the course. A course in purification and control of water supplies was also added.

It is my opinion that the subject of sanitary engineering should receive very careful consideration. It is one of vast moment to the people of the State and of the United States, and it will of necessity become of more and more importance as the population of the country becomes more dense.

There was added to the work of the College, in railroad engineering, a course in railroad operation and management, and one in

railroad consiruction and maintenance. The latter is a course given especially for students in Sibley College, and 42 of them were registered in it during the year. The former is for students in Civil Engineering and 14 were registered in it during the year.

I feel it my duty to emphasize the importance of the work of the College in hydraulics. While our present teaching in this line is excellent, we will of necessity have to extend our work for the reason that there is bound to be a tremendous development along new lines in this subject. The last century was called the "age of steam." The present one will as appropriately be called the "age of water." Aside from the uses of water for domestic and sanitary purposes, there are three other fields in which it will play an important part in the economic development of this country. These are navigation, irrigation and power. In many instances there will be combinations of these and while we may not expect much from the use of a given supply for both navigation and irrigation, we may expect a great deal from the combinations of navigation and power, and irrigation and power. It is practically certain that the future improvement of our great river systems of the eastern half of the United States, will be along the line of getting the maximum benefit out of the first combination, or navigation and power. So the water resources of the western half of the United States will be developed with a view to getting the maximum benefit out of the second combination, or irrigation and power. The magnitude of these fields can hardly be realized, and to cope with them it is practically certain that a type of the civil engineer highly specialized in hydraulics, will be required. Cornell must not be found wanting in producing this type of man.

It

The "Honor System" which was adopted by the students in Civil Engineering in the fall of 1906, has been reasonably successful. is hoped that it will ultimately reach a point where it will be a “law of the College" which every student who enters will feel bound to respect.

Respectfully submitted,

E. E. HASKell,

Director of the College of Civil Engineering.

APPENDIX XI

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE SIBLEY COLLEGE OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND

MECHANIC ARTS

To the President of the University:

SIR-I have the honor to submit the following report of the work of Sibley College during the year 1907-1908. A large part of the work has been carried on as usual and this report deals, first, with those things that are in process of change; secondly, with certain needs of the College which must be supplied to insure that in the future the best technical training shall be offered here.

SHOPS

The changes in the shop instruction indicated in the last annual report have been carried out more fully. Two molding machines have been installed in the foundry and their operation has very greatly increased the effectiveness of the instruction by showing the students the methods of producing castings in large numbers at low cost.

A change in the sequence of the shop courses is proposed and will be made next year. The work in the foundry and forge shop, hitherto given to sophomores, will be given to freshmen and the pattern making will be transferred from the first to the second year. It is believed that the student who has used patterns in the foundry for the producing of castings, will be able to accomplish more in making patterns because of a better understanding of their purpose.

It is also proposed to modify somewhat the instruction in the blacksmith shop. The growth of the electrical manufacturing industry has necessitated the introduction of many new processes for the cold-working of metal and it is hoped that it may soon be possible to introduce machines which have been developed in response to this need. All of the essentials in the teaching of hand forging will, however, be retained.

The teaching of the "principles of manufacturing" in the machine shop which was recently introduced was continued very successfully,

and the accompanying class room work has gained in breadth and effectiveness.

MACHINE DESIGN

In the department of machine design a development has been going on for several years the object of which is to concentrate into three years of the course all of the necessary fundamental training in drawing and machine design. This plan, which is now practically complete, leaves the senior free to elect his work in design from among a number of special lines of work. Thus, he may take electrical engineering, where the work of design is chiefly computing, or he may take naval architecture including the design of ships, or railway mechanical engineering with the study of the design of rolling stock, or internal combustion engine design, or the design of steam turbines or of reciprocating steam engines; or, if he does not care to specialize, he may take a general course in design.

EXPERIMENTAL ENGINEERING

In addition to the regular work as it has been carried on heretofore in experimental engineering, there has been installed and put into operation during the past year the electrical apparatus required for a junior course in electrical laboratory work. This course is required of all students. Although this is the first year that this work has been given it has been carried on very efficiently and it is a very desirable addition to the engineering course in Sibley College. Last year the York Manufacturing Company presented to the University a large refrigerating plant designed especially for investigation and laboratory instruction. Other firms have generously contributed auxiliary apparatus and material making the plant complete for operation. The installation of this plant cost the University about $750. The value of the complete outfit is probably about $10,000. The installation of this machinery makes it possible to give effective instruction in another very important main division of mechanical engineering.

Also during the year a Babcock and Wilcox boiler of 100 horsepower capacity, of the marine type with superheater, has been purchased and installed. The manufacturers generously furnished this boiler at about half the regular purchase price. The installation of this boiler brings our steam making equipment up to the most modern practice, and gives ample capacity.

The establishment of the laboratory for internal combustion engines and accessories, which was described in last year's report,