A Queer Mother for the Nation: The State and Gabriela MistralU of Minnesota Press, 2002 - 269 หน้า Chilean writer Gabriela Mistral (1889-1957), the first Latin American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature, was a poetic idol for generations of Latin Americans who viewed her as Womanhood incarnate, the national schoolteacher-mother. How this distinctly masculine woman who never gave birth came to occupy this role, and what Mistral's image, poetry, and life have to say about the relations-and realities-of race, gender, and sexual politics in her time, are the questions Licia Fiol-Matta pursues in this book, recreating the story of a woman whose misrepresentation is at least as intriguing, and as instructive, as her fame. A Queer Mother for the Nation weaves a nuanced understanding of how Mistral cooperated with authority and fashioned herself as the figure of Motherhood in collaboration with the state. Drawing on Mistral's little-known political and social essays, her correspondence and photographs, Fiol-Matta reconstructs Mistral's relationship to state politics. Her work questions the notion of queer bodies as outlaws, and insists on the many ways in which queer subjects have participated in and sustained the normative discourses they seem to rebel against. Licia Fiol-Matta is assistant professor in the Department of Spanish and Latin American Cultures at Barnard College. |
เนื้อหา
| 5 | |
Schooling and Sexuality | 39 |
Citizen Mother | 67 |
Intimate Nationalism | 96 |
Queering the State | 125 |
Image Is Everything | 127 |
Pedagogy Humanities Social Unrest | 160 |
Education and Loss | 188 |
The National Minority Stereotype | 215 |
Notes | 223 |
Index | 259 |
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Albizu Argentina beautiful became Benítez biological body Cabrera chapter child Chile Chilean Colofón correspondence created critical culture death desire Desolación discourse Duke University Press essay fact female feminine feminist figure folklore Gabriela Mistral gender heteronormative heterosexuality homosexuality Horan idea identification Indian indigenous Inés Mendoza Jaime Jaime Benítez jíbaros José Vasconcelos Juan Miguel Godoy Latin American lesbian letters loss Luis Vargas Saavedra lullabies Lydia Cabrera Magisterio y niño male masculine maternal melancholia melancholic mestizaje mestizo Mexican Mexico City motherhood mujer Muñoz Marín narcissistic narrative nationalist Palabras Palma Guillén pedagogical photographs poems poetry political pose psychic Puerto Rico Punta Arenas queer Queer Mother race racial racial project reference relationship reproduction Reyes Rican role Santiago schoolteacher sense sexual social state's suicide Sylvia Molloy teacher Ternura tion tral tral's visual woman women writes York
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หน้า xxi - Del nicho helado en que los hombres te pusieron, te bajaré a la tierra humilde y soleada. Que he de dormirme en ella los hombres no supieron,, y que hemos de soñar sobre la misma almohada. Te acostaré en la tierra soleada con una dulcedumbre de madre para el hijo dormido, y la tierra ha de hacerse suavidades de cuna al recibir tu cuerpo de niño dolorido. Luego iré espolvoreando tierra y polvo de rosas, y en la azulada y leve polvareda de luna, los despojos...
หน้า 58 - And,' finally, groups have never thirsted after truth. They demand illusions, and cannot do without them. They constantly give what is unreal precedence over what is real; they are almost as strongly influenced by what is untrue as by what is true.
หน้า xxi - Te acostaré en la tierra soleada con una dulcedumbre de madre para el hijo dormido, y la tierra ha de hacerse suavidades de cuna al recibir tu cuerpo de niño dolorido. Luego iré espolvoreando tierra y polvo de rosas, y en la azulada y leve polvareda de luna, los despojos livianos irán quedando presos. Me alejaré cantando mis venganzas hermosas, ¡ porque a ese hondor recóndito la mano de ninguna bajará a disputarme tu puñado de huesos!
หน้า 229 - A racial project is simultaneously an interpretation, representation, or explanation of racial dynamics, and an effort to reorganize and redistribute resources along particular racial lines. Racial projects connect what race means in a particular discursive practice and the ways in which both social structures and everyday experiences are racially organized, based upon that meaning.
หน้า 244 - ... only later do they become independent of these, and even then we have an indication of that original attachment in the fact that the persons who are concerned with a child's feeding, care, and protection become his earliest sexual objects: that is to say, in the first instance his mother or a substitute for her. Side by side, however, with this type and source of object-choice, which may be called the 'anaclitic...
หน้า 51 - If the assumption of femininity and the assumption of masculinity proceed through the accomplishment of an always tenuous heterosexuality, we might understand the force of this accomplishment as...
หน้า 244 - On the anaclitic (or attachment) model, just as the sexual component instincts are at the outset attached to the satisfaction of the ego-instincts, the child's dependence on the parents provides the model for later relationships. On the narcissistic model, the individual chooses an object like himself. It might seem obvious that homosexual object-choice is narcissistic, and that narcissistic object-choice is more primitive than the other type.
หน้า 17 - Latin America, Nancy Leys Stepan summarizes the relationship between race and national belonging as follows: The desire to "imagine" the nation in biological terms, to "purify the reproduction of populations to fit hereditary norms, to regulate the flow of peoples across national boundaries, to define in novel terms who could belong to the nation and who could not — all these aspects of eugenics turned on issues of gender and race, and produced intrusive proposals or prescriptions for new state...
หน้า 50 - authority' of colonial discourse depends crucially on its location in narcissism and the Imaginary, my concept of stereotype-assuture is a recognition of the ambivalence of that authority and those orders of identification. The role of fetishistic identification, in the construction of discriminatory knowledges that depend on the 'presence of difference', is to provide a process of splitting and multiple/contradictory belief at the point of enunciation and subjectification.
หน้า 244 - Side by side, however, with this type and source of object-choice which may be called the "anaclitic" or "attachment" type, psychoanalytic research has revealed a second type, which we were not prepared for finding. We have discovered, especially clearly in people whose libidinal development has suffered some disturbance, such as perverts and homosexuals, that in their later choice of love-objects they have taken as model not their mother but their own selves'.