15. Examine Spencer's "Test of Relative Validity" as an argument in favour of Realism, and, in particular, of his doctrine of Transfigured Realism.

16. Reproduce, with any comments, the contents of Spencer's chapter on the "Completed Differentiation of Subject and Object."

MORAL PHILOSOPHY.

The Board of Examiners.

1. Show the connexion between the moral teaching of Democritus and that of Epicurus.

2. To what extent does Plato, in the Philebus, admit pleasure as an element of the summum bonum? Compare his doctrine with that of Aristotle.

3. State the meaning and value attached by Aristotle to practical wisdom (opóvnous).

4. Explain the conception of Natural Law in the philosophy of the Stoics, and show its historical importance.

5. Mention any striking contrasts between the moral theories of Hobbes and Butler.

6. Compare the treatment of extrinsic sanctions, in their bearing on morality, by Locke and Spencer respectively.

7. How do you account for the fact that theories of Ethics which differ fundamentally in first prin

ciples yet recognise, to a great extent, the same moral laws?

8. Examine Kant's statement that the three modes in which he presents the principle of morality are only so many formulæ of the same law, each of them involving the others.

9. Describe fully the leading features which distinguish the moral philosophy of Herbert Spencer from the older Utilitarianism.

NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.-PART I.

The Board of Examiners.

PASS AND FIRST HONOUR PAPER.

Candidates for Honours must state so on their papers, and no candidate is to attempt more than TEN questions.

1. State Newton's Second Law of Motion, and show that the equation mv Ft fully expresses it.

A railway train, whose weight is 300 tons, travelling at the rate of 30 miles an hour, has the breaks put down and is reduced uniformly to rest in one minute. Find (in tons weight) the retarding force brought into action by the breaks and the distance traversed by the train after the breaks were put down.

2. State and explain Newton's Third Law of Motion. In the case of a bullet projected from a rifle, show that the energy of the explosion is divided between the bullet and the rifle in the inverse ratio of their masses.

3. State the Law of Gravitation. explain how the weight of a surface depends on the mass the earth.

Define weight, and body at the earth's and dimensions of

Supposing the earth has 81 times as much matter in it as the moon, and its diameter is 4 times that of the moon, compare the weights of the same mass at the surfaces of the earth and the moon.

4. State Boyle's Law, and describe fully how to verify it experimentally for pressures less than an atmosphere.

5. (a) The distance between two points, as measured by a brass scale at 20° C., is 84 06 centimetres. The scale is correct at the freezing point, and the coefficient of linear expansion of brass is 000019. Find the true distance between the points.

(6) The density of zinc at 0° C. is 7.2, at 100° C. it is 7-136. Find the coefficient of linear expansion of this metal.

6. Explain the principle of measurement as applied to heat.

Define specific heat and latent heat.

10

of ice at grams

150 grams of water at 25° C. Find the resulting temperature. (Specific heat of ice 5, latent heat of fusion of ice = 80.)

7. Describe how buildings are heated by hot-water pipes. Explain fully how heat is transferred from the furnace to any object in a room of a building so heated.

8. Given the position of a convex lens and its focal length, show how to construct geometrically for the image it produces of a given object.

Describe fully how to project on a screen an enlarged picture of the gold leaves of an electro

scope.

9. Describe fully how to determine the magnetic declination at a place.

Give a short account of the variations in declination due to change of place on the earth's surface, and also of the changes in declination at the same place from time to time.

10. Describe a Leyden jar and the method of charging it; also explain fully what occurs during the charging and discharging of it.

11. What is meant by the E.M.F. of a cell?

Describe how to compare the E.M.F.'s of two cells by means of a sensitive galvanometer.

12. On what does the resistance of a wire depend? How are standards of resistance made? Describe fully and give the theory of the Wheatstone's Bridge method of comparing two resistances.

NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.-PART II.

The Board of Examiners.

PASS AND FIRST HONOURS PAPER.

Candidates for Honours must state so on their papers, and no candidate is to attempt more than TEN questions.

1. Define Simple Harmonic Motion. Determine the force which, acting on a body, will make it describe simple harmonic motion.

2. Determine the length of the equivalent simple pendulum to a cylindrical rod 1 metre long and 2 c.m. diameter, which is suspended from an axis perpendicular to its length through the centre of one end.

3. Give an account of experiments which show that the compressibility of water is a function of the

temperature; at what temperature is it a mini

mum ?

4. Describe Joly's steam calorimeter, and explain its

use.

5. Explain on the theory of exchanges the manner in which the temperature of one body may be raised by radiant energy from another, and determine the theoretical limit to this rise of temperature.

6. Prove completely from first principles that the electric force just outside a charged conductor is ecual to 4p.