Sugar, Slavery, and Freedom in Nineteenth-Century Puerto RicoUniv of North Carolina Press, 18 ¾.¤. 2006 - 304 ˹éÒ The contributions of the black population to the history and economic development of Puerto Rico have long been distorted and underplayed, Luis A. Figueroa contends. Focusing on the southeastern coastal region of Guayama, one of Puerto Rico's three leading centers of sugarcane agriculture, Figueroa examines the transition from slavery and slave labor to freedom and free labor after the 1873 abolition of slavery in colonial Puerto Rico. He corrects misconceptions about how ex-slaves went about building their lives and livelihoods after emancipation and debunks standing myths about race relations in Puerto Rico. Historians have assumed that after emancipation in Puerto Rico, as in other parts of the Caribbean and the U.S. South, former slaves acquired some land of their own and became subsistence farmers. Figueroa finds that in Puerto Rico, however, this was not an option because both capital and land available for sale to the Afro-Puerto Rican population were scarce. Paying particular attention to class, gender, and race, his account of how these libertos joined the labor market profoundly revises our understanding of the emancipation process and the evolution of the working class in Puerto Rico. |
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... Emancipation—Puerto Rico—Guayama Region—History—19th century. 3. Freedmen—Puerto Rico— Guayama Region—History—19th century. 4. Labor supply— Puerto Rico—Guayama Region—History—19th century. 5. Plantation workers—Puerto Rico—Guayama ...
... Emancipation—Puerto Rico—Guayama Region—History—19th century. 3. Freedmen—Puerto Rico— Guayama Region—History—19th century. 4. Labor supply— Puerto Rico—Guayama Region—History—19th century. 5. Plantation workers—Puerto Rico—Guayama ...
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... emancipation of slaves in 1873 as a simple change in their legal status, thus assuming once again that as freedmen and -women the ex-slaves simply continued to form part of the amorphous ''popular class.''∞≠ Likewise, when describing ...
... emancipation of slaves in 1873 as a simple change in their legal status, thus assuming once again that as freedmen and -women the ex-slaves simply continued to form part of the amorphous ''popular class.''∞≠ Likewise, when describing ...
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Luis A. Figueroa. thousands of Puerto Rican ex-slaves after emancipation must also be addressed as part of this explanation, yet when it comes to discussing the lives of the libertos (Puerto Rico's freedmen and -women), the new studies ...
Luis A. Figueroa. thousands of Puerto Rican ex-slaves after emancipation must also be addressed as part of this explanation, yet when it comes to discussing the lives of the libertos (Puerto Rico's freedmen and -women), the new studies ...
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... emancipation, the transition to free labor, and the modernization of sugar industries in the region.∞∑ Authors have attempted to construct theoretical and/or econometric models of plantation economies∞∏ and to address many of these ...
... emancipation, the transition to free labor, and the modernization of sugar industries in the region.∞∑ Authors have attempted to construct theoretical and/or econometric models of plantation economies∞∏ and to address many of these ...
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... postemancipation class formation.≥≥ Much of the literature on the transition from slave to free labor in the Caribbean, for example, emphasizes the ''reconstitution'' of a peasantry after emancipation, when the [10] introduction.
... postemancipation class formation.≥≥ Much of the literature on the transition from slave to free labor in the Caribbean, for example, emphasizes the ''reconstitution'' of a peasantry after emancipation, when the [10] introduction.
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1 | |
15 | |
2 The Hurricane of Sugar and Slavery and the Broken Memories It Left Behind 1810s1860s | 43 |
Strategies of Adaptive Resistance among AfroGuayameses | 79 |
Tearing Down Slavery | 105 |
5 The Contested Terrain of Free Labor 18731876 | 121 |
6 Labor Mobility Peonization and the Peasant Way That Never Was | 151 |
7 Conflicts and Solidarities on the Path to Proletarianization | 175 |
Conclusion | 201 |
Notes | 211 |
Bibliography | 249 |
Index | 277 |
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Sugar, Slavery, and Freedom in Nineteenth-Century Puerto Rico Luis A. Figueroa ªÁºÒ§Êèǹ¢Í§Ë¹Ñ§Ê×Í - 2005 |
Sugar, Slavery, & Freedom in Nineteenth-century Puerto Rico Luis Antonio Figueroa ÁØÁÁͧÍÂèÒ§ÂèÍ - 2005 |
Sugar, Slavery, & Freedom in Nineteenth-century Puerto Rico Luis Antonio Figueroa ÁØÁÁͧÍÂèÒ§ÂèÍ - 2005 |
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Abolition Law abolitionism abolitionist African AGPR agriculture Arroyo barrio cabildo Capó Alvarez Caribbean chapter co√ee Coamo coartación coastal creole Cuba cuerdas cultural Curet decades di√erent Díaz Soler district Don José e√ect e√orts economic elites emancipation Esclavos estates ex-slaves Expedientes fire fols forced-labor former slaves free labor freedom García González governor Guamaní Guardia Civil Guayama Guayama’s slave hacendados Hacienda hatos historiography island issues jornaleros land liberto contracts libertos Lugo-Viñas manumissions masters Maunabo Mayagüez mayor Miguel Moret Law mulatto municipal municipio nineteenth century Nistal-Moret o√er o≈cials peasants percent pesos Picó planters political Ponce Porrata-Doria postemancipation Proceso abolicionista production Puerto Rican slaves Puerto Rico racial racial projects Ramos Mattei Rico’s Rivera rural San Germán San Juan Scarano slave population Slave to Liberto slave trade slaveholders slavery social society Spain Spanish Spanish colonial Sugar and Slavery sugar industry sugar plantations sugarcane Texidor tion vagrancy Vázquez Villodas wages
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˹éÒ 80 - Slaves differed from other human beings in that they were not allowed freely to integrate the experience of their ancestors into their lives, to inform their understanding of social reality with the inherited meanings of their natural forebears, or to anchor the living present in any conscious community of memory.
˹éÒ 80 - rights" or claims of birth, he ceased to belong in his own right to any legitimate social order.
˹éÒ 40 - A racial project is simultaneously an interpretation, representation, or explanation of racial dynamics, and an effort to reorganize and redistribute resources along particular racial lines. Racial projects connect what race means in a particular discursive practice and the ways in which both social structures and everyday experiences are racially organized, based upon that meaning.
˹éÒ 107 - the war in the United States is finished, and being finished, slavery in the whole American continent can be taken as finished. Is it possible to hold onto Spanish provinces while keeping this institution in the dominion ?" He said no. Dulce wrote about the same time that "I do not think it is possible to continue slavery.
˹éÒ 40 - First, we argue that racial formation is a process of historically situated projects in which human bodies and social structures are represented and organized.
˹éÒ 123 - British vice consul wrote that "when the emancipation was decreed . . . the 'libertos' were allowed to go altogether free, most of them left off work altogether, and only returned on the condition of exorbitant wages paid by the planters to get off their...
˹éÒ 40 - Racial formation, therefore, is a kind of synthesis, an outcome, of the interaction of racial projects on a society-wide level. These projects are, of course, vastly different in scope and effect. They include large-scale public action, state activities, and interpretations of racial conditions in artistic, journalistic, or academic fora, as well as the seemingly infinite number of racial judgments and practices we carry out at the level of individual experience.
˹éÒ 254 - Memoria acerca de la agricultura, el comercio y las rentas internas de la Isla de Puerto Rico
˹éÒ 96 - An Account of the Present State of the Island of Puerto Rico (London, 1834). 7 "Cuestion de America," Revista espanola, March 4, 1834.
˹éÒ 81 - It was this alienation of the slave from all formal, legally enforceable ties of 'blood,' and from any attachment to groups or localities other than those chosen for him by the master...