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travers de la ville. The former is the more elegant. un travers, m. is an oddity, a ridiculous fault, a want of judgment, a whim; de travers, adv. crossways, awry, in a wrong direction; en travers, adv. across.

fracasser, r. a. 1. to break in pieces with a great crash. It denotes still greater violence in the breaking than briser. n'est bientôt qu'une playe, soon is nothing but one single wound; meaning a wound all over. The connexion alone shews that une is here the numeral "one," and not the article a," page 4, No. I.

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J'y cours, I run thither, I hasten to the spot. We had le Prince y vole, page 166, No. XI., and we noticed the advantages derived from this adverb or pron. indeterm. y, page 55, No. IV., and page 129, No. IX. Vaugelas says: "Je me souviens d'un passage de Jules César: Convocato concilio, et, ad id concilium, &c.' où il met deux fois le mot de concilium ainsi proche l'un de l'autre. Nous avons notre particule Y, en François, qui nous sauve ces sortes de répétitions; en quoi notre langue a l'avantage sur la Latine. Car nous dirions, Le conseil étant assemblé, et un tel y ayant été appellé." The same observation also refers to en, in the last line but one; Les rochers en sont teints, the rocks are dyed with it. See page 21, No. II. In English it is often omitted when it means "of them." J'ai trois livres Allemands, combien en avez vous? I have three German books, how many have you? But it must be translated when it means some." Avez vous du papier? Oui, j'en ai. Have you any paper? Yes, I have some.

dépouille, f. spoil, plunder, what clothes one is possessed of at one's death; here it means the remains, the remnants.

We turn once more to Goethe for our German lesson, and take his HARPER, a Song introduced in his " WILHELM MEISTER," for the vehicle of our remarks.

DER HARFNER.

WAS hör'ich draussen vor dem Thor,

Was auf der Brücke schallen?

Laszt den Gesang zu unserm Ohr
Im Saale wiederhallen !

Der König sprach's, der Page lief,
Der Knabe kam, der König rief:
Bring ihn herein den Alten.

Gegrüsset seid ihr hohe Herrn,
Gegrüszt ihr schöne Damen !

Welch reicher Himmel! Stern bei Stern!
Wer kennet ihre Namen?

Im Saal voll Pracht und Herrlichkeit Schlieszt Augen euch, hier ist nicht Zeit Sich staunend zu ergötzen.

Der Sänger drückt' die Augen ein
Und schlug die vollen Töne ;
Der Ritter schaute muthig drein

Und in den Schoosz die Schöne.

Der König, dem das Lied gefiel,
Liesz ihm, zum Lohne für sein Spiel,
Eine goldne Kette holen.

Die goldne Kette gieb mir nicht,

Die Kette gieb den Rittern

Vor deren kühnen Angesicht
Der Feinde Lanzen splittern.

Gieb sie dem Kanzler, den du hast,
Und lasz ihn noch die goldne Last
Zu andern Lasten tragen.

Ich singe wie der Vogel singt

Der in den Zweigen wohnet.

Das Lied, das aus der Kehle dringt

Ist Lohn der reichlich lohnet ;

Doch darf ich bitten, bitt'ich eins:

Laszt einem Trunk des besten Weins
In reinem Glase bringen.

Er setzt'es an, er trank es aus.

O Trank der süszen Labe!

O dreimal hochbeglücktes Haus

Wo das ist kleine Gabe!

Ergeht's euch wohl so denkt an mich,

Und danket Gott so warm als ich

Für diesen Trank euch danke.

THE HARPER.

WHAT do I hear resounding without the gate upon the bridge? Let the Song resound in the hall to our ear! The King spoke it, the Page ran off; the boy returned, and the King called out, bring in the old man hither. Hail to you, noble Sirs! Hail to you, handsome Ladies! What a rich Heaven! Star by Star; Who can tell their names? In this hall, full of pomp and splendour, I'll close my eyes; this is no time for enjoying this delightful surprise. The singer shut his eyes and made the full-toned chords vibrate. The Knight looked undaunted up; the fair one into her lap. The King, who was pleased with the Song, ordered a gold chain to be brought as a reward for his music. The golden chain give not to me, give the chain to the Knights before whose bold looks the lances of the enemies fly in splinters: give it to thy Chanceller, and let him bear the golden load along with his other burdens. I sing, as the bird sings, which dwells among the boughs; the song that swells from the throat is a reward that richly recompenses. Yet if I dared to ask, I would beg this: let them bring me a draught of the best wine in a clean goblet. He set it to his lips, he drank it up: O draught of sweetest savour! O thrice blessed house where such a cup is but a small gift! If you fare well, think of me, and thank the Almighty as warmly as I thank you for this cup.

Der Harfer, Harfener, or Harfner, s. pl. die Harfner, the Harper; and in the fem. die Harferin, or Harfnerin. But we have also for the male Harper, der Harfenspieler, and der Harfenschläger, and for the female, if she be an itinerant Harper, das Harfenmädchen. Der Harfenist is of foreign origin, and ought not to be employed.

draussen, adv. of place, without, on the outside, particularly with reference to one's dwelling in the house. er ist nicht in dem Zimmer, er ist draussen, he is not in the room, he is without.

vor dem Thor, before the gate, without the gate. das Thor, es, e, pl. die Thore, n. the gate. We say, vor dem Thore, when there is no locomotion, and vor das Thor, when there is. Wir wollen ein wenig vor das Thor fahren, we will drive a little out of the gate. But der Thor, pl. die Thoren, m. a fool, an extravagant person. It is sometimes synonymous with Narr, m. a fool who wants understanding. Eberhard says:

"Thorheit und Narrheit ist der Weisheit und Klugheit entgegen gesetzt. Der Weise hat eine praktische Kenntnisz von dem was an sich gut ist; der Kluge von dem was als Mittel gut ist. Die Weisheit will dasz ich mein Leben nicht ohne Noth und Pflicht in Gefahr setze; denn das Leben ist an sich ein Gut. Die Klugheit erfodert dasz ich, wenn ich krank bin, mich an einen geschickten Arzt, nicht an einen Marktschreyer wende. Wer in beiden Fällen das Gegentheil thut von dem was die Weisheit und Klugheit vorschreibt, der ist ein Thor."

Extravagance and folly are the opposite of wisdom and prudence. The wise man has a practical knowledge of that which is good in itself; the prudent man of that which is good as a mean. Wisdom requires that I do not expose my life without necessity, and without being impelled to it by duty, for life is a good in itself. Prudence demands that when I am ill I should apply to a clever physician, and not to a quack. He who in both cases does the contrary of what wisdom and prudence prescribe, is a fool.”

der Gesang, es, e, pl. die Gesänge, (m. like all substantives in ang,) the song, the singing. das Gesangbuch, n. the book containing the hymns sung at church.

das Ohr, es, e, pl. die Ohren, n. the ear; die Ohren klingen sausen, or brausen mir, I have a tinkling in my ears. wiederhallen, sep. com. n. verb, to resound, to re-echo. Poëts also use it actively. ich halle wieder, ich hallte wieder, ich habe wiedergehallt. die Berge hallen wieder, the mountains are re-echoing.

der Page, m. is properly a French word. We have the German Edelknabe, m. lief is the impf. of the irr. n. v. laufen, to run; ich laufe, du läufst, er läuft; ich lief; ich bin gelaufen, in Upper Germany. ich laufe, du laufst, er lauft; and ich bin geloffen. It becomes active, as it were, in the expressions, sich müde laufen, to run one's self tired, viz, to tire one's self by running; ich habe mir die Füsze wund gelaufen, I have run my feet wound, I have wounded or hurt my feet by running.

Bring ihn herein, bring him in, imperative of the sep.

irr. comp. hereinbringen, to bring in; ich bringe herein, ich brachte herein, ich habe hereingebracht. Herein denotes a moving into a certain place towards the speaker. The person that sits in a room calls to one who is knocking at the door, herein! a contraction for, Kommen sie herein! Come in. Wollen sie nicht hereinkommen? Wo'nt you come in? But the person at the door must say, darf ich hinein kommen? May I come in? And the same is to be observed with all verbs formed with hin and her before the preposition or particle, page 140, No. IX.

gegrüsset, or gegrüszt, partic. past of the r. a. v. grüszen, to greet, to salute, from grusz, page 143, No. IX.

die Dame, pl. die Damen, f. the Lady, is the French word "Dame," which is so generally used, and so agreeable to women of the better class, that it is almost impossible to root it out of the language, though great pains have been taken latterly to substitute the words, Frau, Edelfrau, Ehrenfrau, but none of these satisfies female vanity.

Welch reicher Himmel! what a rich Heaven! is a poëtical license for welcher reiche Himmel!

der Stern, es, e, pl. die Sterne, m. the star, the stern of a ship.

die Pracht, f. splendour, pomp. All the words in acht are f. except der Pacht, a lease, and der Schacht, a shaft in a mine.

die Herrlichkeit, f. magnificence. In some places persons of distinction are addressed by Euer Herrlichkeit, your magnificence. In the Bible, speaking of the Creator, it is glory." die Herrlichkeit Gottes; das Reich der Herrlichkeit, the kingdom of glory.

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Schliesst Augen euch, a poëtical license for Schliesst euch, ihr Augen, close yourselves, ye eyes. sich schliessen, a refl. verb, from the irr. a. and n. schlieszen, to lock, to close, to conclude, ich schliesse, ich schlosz, ich habe geschlossen.

staunend, part. active of the r. n. v. staunen, (conjugated with haben) to be astonished, to be startled at. It expresses the highest degree of wondering at a thing. Lessing couples it with admiration, when he says, in Allen Aeusserungen einer

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