Private commercial schools, enrollment, OCT 7, Public Law 815, Nov 24-26+ Pupils Pioneer Against Polio (Miller), OCT 4-5 Ꭱ Radio for education, JAN 51-52, JUNE inside front cover Records and reports, series of handbooks, MAR 93-94 Recruiting the New Teacher (N. Y. Times), MAR inside front cover Reed, A. Lachlan, responsible for Government and public liaison, JUNE 132 Reed, Wayne O.: At Geneva conference, NOV Report on Education in the United States (to the Research, cooperative program authorized by Rockefeller, Nelson A., statement on vocational Secondary education, long-range study, DEC 46 Secondary schools: Enrollment, OCT 6-7, NOV 31, DEC 45, JAN 53–54, MAY 126–127, JUNE 134–135; physical education, APR 99-101+; teacher supply and demand, OCT 15; teaching of occupational safety, ocт 10+. See also High schools. Secretary Mitchell Speaks to Youth, OCT 14 Shull, Martha A., at Geneva conference, NOV 23 Sievers, Frank, head of section for guidance and student personnel services, JUNE 132 Sinclair, Aileen, Helping the Foreign-Born in the U. S. to Learn English, JUNE 139-140 Smith, G. Kerry (photo), JAN 55 Sneed, Melvin, responsibility for legislation services, JUNE 132 "Spectatoritis" or Education (Henry), JUNE inside front cover State Aid for Public Schools (Hutchins and Munse), JAN 54-55+ State Conferences on Education-a Progress Report (Pace), FEB 66+ State School Legislation, 1954 (Steiner), APR 107-108 Steiner, Arch K.: Educational Legislation, 83d Congress, 2d Session, FEB 70-71; State School Legislation, APR 107-108 Stewart, Ward, responsibility for legislation services, JUNE 132 Story of Toltec (Martin), APR 109-111 Television program, "Who Will Teach Our Chil dren?" DEC 40-43+ Thai boys in school (photo), MAR front cover Toltec School, APR 109-111 Toward Progress in Secondary School Physical Transportation, pupil, Nov inside front cover U U. S. departments and bureaus. See Treasury Department, Census Bureau, etc. U. S. education, report to International Conference on Public Education: Part 1, NOV 23+; Part 2, DEC 44-45; Part 3, FEB 74-75 V Vocational education, statement by Nelson A. Rockefeller, JAN inside front cover Voice of Democracy Contest: Photo of a winner, APR front cover; presentations, APR 104-106+ S Safety and the schools, OCT 10+ Salaries, teachers', Nov 20, MAR 92-93 Savings program in the schools, NOV 30, JAN 50 Schloss, Samuel, Nation's Public School Enrollment, Number of Teachers, and Planned Classrooms, JUNE 134-135 Scholarships, MAY 115-119 School-community collaboration, NOV 27-28 Schoolbuildings with personality (Mackintosh), JUNE 136-137+ Schools Our Nation's First Line of Defense Against Juvenile Delinquency (Miller), Nov 21– 22+ Schoolhousing: Office of Education publications, NOV outside back cover; planning and design, OCT 8-9; personality in buildings, JUNE 136– 137+ Science Fairs Stimulate (Large), FEB 76-77 Science Education Science publications of the Office of Education, FEB 77 T Taylor, James L., Multipurpose Rooms in Elementary Schools, OCT 8-9 Teacher-exchange program, JUNE 133+ Teacher of the Year (photo), JUNE front cover, 129-130+ Teacher qualifications, NOV 19+ Teacher recruitment, MAR inside front cover, MAY 124-125 Teacher salaries, Nov 20, MAR 92–93 Teacher shortage, ocr 6-7+, NOV 20, JUNE 134 Teacher supply and demand, OCT 15, JUNE 144 W Walker, Waurine, participating in TV program, DEC 40-43+ Walsh, John D., appointed chief of Trade and Industrial Branch, JUNE 131 White House Christmas tree (photo), DEC front cover White House Conference on Education, OCT 13, NOV 17-18, JAN 49–50, FEB 66+ Who Will Teach Our Children? (a television program), DEC 40-43+ Why Have a Board of Education? (Beach and Will), MAY 113+ Wilkins, Theresa, Geiger Counters to Scholarships and Fellowships, MAY 115-119 Will, Robert S., Why Have a Board of Education? MAY 113+ Williams, B. Harold, appointed chief of editorial services, JUNE 132 Williams, Charl Ormond (photo), DEC 37 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON Because our schools help shape the mind and character of our youth, the strength or weakness of our educational system today will go far to determine the strength or weak. ness of our national wisdom and our national morality tomorrow. That is why it is essential to our nation that we have good schools. And their quality depends on all of us. For this reason, I join with the students and teachers of America in inviting every citizen to become better acquainted with his schools. We can use this opportunity to express our pride in the great host of able teachers who devotedly give their best toward an education of the young. And this week we can also begin a new effort to make sure that we have more of such teachers, and that they have the best possible facilities and incentive for carrying forward their work. If we citizens succeed in this effort, we shall have helped to strengthen an America in which intelligence and sound ethics will be preserved, and therefore an America in which democracy will be secure. If through indifference we fail, we shall ourselves have struck a blow against the foundations of our chosen way of life. This American Education Week reminds us that the choice lies open. Dwight Risenhow American Education Week: November 7-13 Sunday, November 7-IDEALS TO LIVE BY ROW Tuesday, November 9-INVESTING IN GOOD SCHOOLS Wednesday, November 10-WORKING TOGETHER FOR GOOD SCHOOLS Thursday, November 11-EFFECTIVE CITIZEN SHIP Friday, November 12-TEACHING THE FUNDAMENTALS TODAY Saturday, November 13-How GOOD ARE YOUR SCHOOLS? This year the 34th annual observance of American Education Week is under the sponsorship of four organizations-the National Education Association, the American Legion, the National Congress of Parents and Teachers, and the Office of Education. Special emphasis is being placed on extending the observance to colleges and universities in addition to the primary and secondary schools. A wealth of suggestions and materials have been prepared to aid in making this an outstanding event. Address inquiries and orders to American Education Week, National Education Association, 1201 16th Street, NW., Washington 6, D. C. Cover Photograph Credit: State officers of the Future Teachers of America, with S. M. Brownell, Commissioner of Education, are shown in the rose garden at the White House with President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and former President of the United States Herbert Hoover. Photograph by Wide World. CONTENTS for OCTOBER 1954 Volume 37 The People's Schools, SAMUEL MILLER BROWNELL‒‒‒ Pupils Pioneer Against Polio, MARIAN V. MILLER__ Occupational Safety and the Schools, HENRY H. ARMSBY_ cation__ National Book Week... Secretary Mitchell Speaks to Youth_ New Books and Pamphlets_ 1 2 4 6 8 10 11 13 13 14 16 Educational Aids From Your Government_-_Inside back cover Published each month of the school year, October through June To order SCHOOL LIFE send your check or money order (no stamps) with your subscription request to the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. SCHOOL LIFE service comes to you at a subscription price of $1.25. Yearly fee to countries in which the frank of the U. S. Government is not recognized is $1.75. A discount of 25 percent is allowed on orders for 100 copies or more sent to one address within the United States. Printing of SCHOOL LIFE has been approved by the Director of the Bureau of the Budget. (September 19, 1952.) Contents of this publication are not copyrighted, and items contained herein may be reprinted "to promote the cause of education." Citation of SCHOOL LIFE, official periodical of the U. S. Office of Education, as the source, will be appreciated. The opinions and points of view expressed in articles by guest authors do not necessarily reflect the official policies of the Office of Education. THE OFFICE OF EDUCATION was established in 1867 "for the purpose of collecting such statistics and facts as shall show the condition and progress of education in the several States and Territories, and of diffusing such information respecting the organization and management of schools and school systems and methods of teaching, as shall aid the people of the United States in the establishment and maintenance of efficient school systems, and otherwise promote the cause of education throughout the country." SCHOOL LIFE is indexed in Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature, and in Education Index... ..(Single copy price of SCHOOL LIFE-15 cents) N spite of the shining successes of American education and the tremendous strides of progress it has made since the early days of the Plymouth Colony, we are faced with a number of major problems. In the first place, we face a continuing shortage in school facilities. As you know, our primary and secondary schools are behind to the tune of more than 340,000 classrooms this year in spite of record numbers of new facilities recently built. Our colleges, too, face great needs in this area. Some observers would take courage in the fact that 10 to 12 billion dollars would solve the school facilities crisis for the moment. Nevertheless, because the need is a continuing rather than a static one, we should recognize the necessity to spend billions. annually over a number of years. Furthermore, we face the parallel and even more urgent need of providing instruction in these schools. The truth of the matter today is that we are simply not providing the teachers that we need. We are not providing them by many thousands. And the relationship of this situ ation to national well-being is, I think, well stated in these two quotations. The first is from testimony before the House Armed Services Committee in February 1951, as follows: *Excerpt from an address delivered before the Association of Former Internes and Residents, Freedmen's Hospital, Howard University, Washington, D. C., June 3, 1954. Volume 37, Number 1 Those who have struggled with this manpower security problem recognize that technical schools, colleges, professional and graduate schools are almost wholly dependent for their proficiency upon the quality of preparation of students in the elementary and high schools of this country. It is abundantly evident to them that preservation of a flow of trained personnel necessary for our long-range national security requires as its first essential the preservation of strong programs of elementary and secondary education. They, the teachers-elementary, secondary, and collegiate provide the main line of defense for long range national security. The second is from the book Teachers for Our Times, and I quote: Teaching is indispensable to the preservation and improvement of any nation. Through teaching, knowledge is passed on from generation to generation, and its wider diffusion and more rapid advancement made possible. Through teaching, the powers of youth are drawn out and disciplined in practice. Through teaching, the values that characterize a culture's fate must lie. Through teaching, a people's capacity to meet change in ways that increase the national welfare is strengthened. In all civilized communities the task of teaching is chiefly entrusted to a company of experts. In the United States that company numbers approximately 1,000,000; and some 285,000 young men and women are preparing to enter the profession. It makes a difference who and what these teachers are. Social well-being and social advance depend in marked measure on their excellence. But who these teachers are, and what they are, turns directly upon the effectiveness of the arrangements that we make for their education. To improve teacher education is to improve teaching; to improve teaching is to improve the schools; to improve the schools is to strengthen the next generation; to strengthen the next generation is a social duty of the first magnitude. A third serious problem facing the Nation is a distressing loss of trained manpower through dropouts from school and high school-not to mention those from college. The fact of the matter is that roughly half of our students drop out of school between the fifth grade and gradua tion from high school. Similarly, almost half our 4-year college students fail to graduate. To go back for a moment to the problems in education which face us-I feel very strongly that they must be seen in the proper perspective of the overriding requirement today for better education than was provided young people of my generation. In my day, one could say of a student who could not master his course work, "Oh, send him back to the farm!" Today such a statement is ridiculous. Today the successful operation of a farm calls for a thorough and extensive knowledge, not only of agriculture, soil conservation, pest control, and animal health, but also of mechanics, agronomy, finance, and marketing, not to mention strength of body and mind. (Continued on page 14) |