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I

2

3

(K. 2004, Rev. + VATh 410, Rev.)

] LÍL (dimmer) EN-LÍL [ ] ṣa-al-me-e im-ni
[ [

] LUM-E ni mu-un- ZAL me-e

GIG- A A [

I mu kab-tum lu- uš-tab- ra-a ana-ku ra-ma-ni [

4 E-LUM mu-lu

5 kab-tum

6 (dimmer)MU-UL-LÍL-LI mu-lu in

7 (giš)ma GAB-RI-a-ni

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in GÍL-li- ÁM [

ša ú- hal-lik

an [

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ni- is-sa- as- su ša- na- at

(?)- su ba- ab- GA ta-ki-ša ina ki-mi- it tas- lá

am-kur-šu ba-
ba- HUSI
ana ša-di-i
ir- ta-

kab

24 DAMAL(?)-HE me-en ud-da-ru ga-ba-da-GIR-a mu-lu na-am

mu-un-pad-de

25 ummu?) alittu(?)] ana-ku ana umê(mi) lu-ur-ra-ki man-ma la

ga

im-mar-an-ni

26 e-ne-em (dimmer) GU-LA 27 e-ne-em (dimmer) MU-UL-LÍL-LÁ ga (il) EN-LÍL ša ina nap-ha

28 ud-da e azag-ga-ru ana ûmê(mi) ina bît el-li ga

29 e azag e SIN-na- ru

ina bit el-lim bît ib-bi

ri ša-ku-ú

ga

30 mu-lu U-KI-NE-EN KI-KI-e-ne nam- mu- un- pad- de- e- ne \še-te-'i-ú-ma la im- ma- ru- in- ni

31

ne e RI-A-KI-NE-EN KI-KI-e-ne nam

32

33

šu-nu har-bi še-te-'i-u

34 DAMAL-MUH(?)-NI sar-ra gal(dimmer)E-A uku-gi mu-un-na-GUB(?)[ 35 um- mu a- lit- tum ša mu- da-at șir-ha ina ni-ši iz-zi-is-si-[ni(?) 36 GAŠAN dimmer [ ] DAMAL-ni GAŠĂN-gal-e uku

37 (il) GU-LA um-mi-ša (il)Nin-gal

38 GASAN [ ] KI-NA-RA GAŠAN-U-UD-LÍL-GAR-RA uku. ] (il)nin sa ni

39

40

41 42

] (dimmer)AB-BA-Ú uku
] šú-ma

uku

Translation.

(a)

(K. 2875, Obv. + VATh 410, Obv.)

1/2 Of crying, the storm that makes sick, the storm that makes

weak, the storm that . . . . me.

34 He, the storm, destroys the stable, tears up the fold.

56 He, the storm, destroys mother (and) daughter as a reed of.... 7,8 At the word of Gula he kills the meadow in its . . .

9/10 At the word of Mullil he lets the loosened flood flow on the

1112 The storm like a lofty

property: the houses.

.. makes the feelings sad. causes trembling by his doings().

13 At the word of Mullil, he 14/15 The storm devours (?), in his advance he says: Woe to the house! 1617 The storm slays all the people; or: strikes down.

18/19 The storm puts all to . . . .; or: binds.

20

the family of the whole land.

21 22 The storm evilly carries away the harvest of the land; or: sub

merges. 23/24 The food he has taken away; the lord has carried away the possessions.

25 26 The solid houses he has destroyed; the solid men has he destroyed; or: killed.

27/28 The storm has snatched away the . . . . . from the solid men. 29'30 Him clothed with heavy garments has the storm killed with cold. 3132 Him with the large plantation has he killed with hunger.

33 34.

35/36 To the man of .

he has plundered.

. has he increased

37/38 The storm drives five out of the house of five. 39 40 The storm drives ten out of the house of ten.

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(K. 2004, Rev. + VATh 410, Rev.)

] EN-LIL, numbered the images (?) [

2/3 The mighty one . . . may I prosper, I myself [

4/5 The mighty one

6 EN-LIL

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78 The ship, that he met, 910 His man, whom he met,

11/12 He cries, and

13 Of my whole town

who destroyed.
who destroys.
the ship is sunk.

the man is dead.
his cry is changed.
the cry is changed.

1415 In the town (is) the child of my maid, its way is changed.

16/17 In the town (is) the maiden,

her crying is changed.
his wail is changed.

18/19 In the town (is) the man, 20 21 The maiden in the house of her dwelling, had faith in her family. 2223 The man in the house of his people, climbed to the mountains. 24 25 Mother, begetter am I, to days will I lengthen; no one sees me. 26 At(?) the word of Gula, to days will I lengthen; no one sees me. 27 At the word of Mullil, to days will I lengthen; no one sees me. EN-LIL who is exalted in everything.

28 To days in the bright house will I &c.

29 In the bright house, the pure house will I &c. 30/31 Those who search old places see me not. 32 33 Those who search ruins

see me not.

34 35 Mother,begetter,who knows sorrows, for the people E-a has set me(?). 36 37 Mistress Gula (?) whose mother is Ningal, for the people she has set me (?).

38

for the people &c.

Notes.

K. 2875, K. 2004, and VATh 410 are duplicates. The first two are from the Kouyunjik collection in the British Museum; the last 10 is in Berlin and has been published by GEORGE REISNER.* They are also closely related to VATH 38 (REIS. No. 66) and VATh 231 (REIS. No. 82), and have also many points of similarity with others of the texts published by REISNER. K. 2004, Rev. 24 ff. is also a duplicate of No. 29615,** Rev. 2 ff. When we consider that this last 15 comes from the third millennium before Christ probably, and that the hymns published by REISNER date from the second century of that era, we have food for thought.

I have used K. 2875 and K. 2004 as the basis of my transliteration and translation. Where these are broken, I have used in the 20 first place VATh 410; and then, 29615. Where all these are lacking I have, when possible, restored the text from the related texts of the REISNER collection. The different readings will be found in the notes to the individual lines.

It would be possible in connection with these texts to discuss 25 many questions concerning the religion of Babylonia and Assyria. To do this properly, however, would require a thorough study of the hymns published by REISNER, *** and the similar texts recently published from the British Museum (Cuneiform Texts &c. Vol. XV, Plates 7-30). This I have not been able to do as yet, and so con- 30

*Mitteilungen aus den orientalischen Sammlungen der Königlichen Museen zu Berlin. Heft X. Sumerisch-Babylon. Hymnen nach Thontafeln griechischer Zeit. Herausgegeben von GEORGE REISNER. Berlin, 1896. Cited as REIS.

**Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets &c. in the British Museum, Part XV, Plates 7-9.

*** The only works on this collection of which I know are (a) Sumerisch-Babylonische Hymnen der von George Reisner herausgegebenen Berliner Sammlung, umschrieben, übersetzt und erklärt. Breslau, 1897. A dissertation by JAMES EDGAR BANKS, which contains REIS. Nos. 4. 8-10 and pp. 98-99; — (b) LEOPOLD MESSERSCHMIDT, VATH 246 Musei Berolinensis REISNER I) primum editur commentarioque instruitur. Berlin, 1896.

fine myself to a literal translation with only those notes which are necessary. It is however not easy to give a literal yet satisfactory translation of these texts. They are in the form of a litany, i. e., every line is divided in the middle, and each half may have been 5 sung or recited by responding priests or choirs. This may explain why the two halves of a line are often partly or entirely independent of each other in construction and contents, a thing especially noticeable when the šumê kardûti (REIS. Vorwort, p. XV) form one half of the line. This division of the lines is made clear in the transliter10 ation, but I have not been able to reproduce it in the English translation.

This text is the connecting link between the ENEM texts and the ûmu texts of the REISNER collection. The word ûmu I have translated 'storm.' REISNER says (Vorwort, XVIII): "ZIMMERN (BBS 2) 15 und HOMMEL (ZKI, 41) haben bemerkt, dass einige Busspsalmen .... allgemeine Unglücksfälle in Babylonien betreffen. Ebenso ist in einer Anzahl unsrer Hymnen von der Stadt oder dem Tempel die Rede usw." From our text it is clear what sort of misfortune is sometimes meant. Still storm is hardly a satisfactory translation. The thought 20 is ever turned to the power that directs the storm, i. e., the angry god Bel-Marduk, so that sometimes it is almost necessary to translate umu: 'storm-spirit.' That which is ascribed to the umu in K. 2875 &c, is ascribed to the word (amâtu)* of Bel in the REISNER collection. For instance,

25 with K. 2875, 2 compare REIS. p. 8, 73:

30

a-mat-su ni-ši ú-šam-ra-aș ni-ši un-na-aš ú-zar-rab

His word makes the people sick, makes the people weak: oppresses. With K. 2875, 4 cf. REIS. p. 16, 9:

ša be-li a-mat-su tar-ba-șa ma-ru-uš-tú i-pu-uš

The word of the lord has done evil to the stable;

also REIS. p. 17, Obv. 3 and p. 18, 4.

With K. 2875, 6 cf. REIS. p. 7, 25:

a-mat-su um-ma mar-tú ki-ma bu-ri-e [u-kap\-par

His word destroys mother (and) daughter as reeds (?).

35 With K. 2875, 10. 12 cf. REIS. p. 7, 31:

40

ša be-lum a-mat-su mi-lum te-bu-ú ša ap-pa i-aš-ša-šu

The word of the lord is the approaching flood that makes the countenance sad.

With K. 2875, 22 cf. REIS. p. 7, 29:

a-mat (il)Marduk e-bu-ur ina si-ma-ni-šu ú-ta-ab-bi

The word of Marduk drowns the harvest in its season.

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