INDUSTRIES AND INDUSTRIAL ARTS

Alford, Leon Pratt, editor. Manufacture of artillery ammunition; by members of the editorial staff of the American machinist... New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1917. xii, 765 p. illus. 8°. VFW

This admirable work complete, practical, and carefully illustrated was for the most part published originally in the American machinist. It is a record of detailed technique that will "aid Americans in producing their own munitions of war if occasion should ever arise and... show the excellent machining methods, machines, tools and appliances that have a much wider application in manufacturing than merely to make shells, cartridge cases, and fuses." The appendix includes some timely suggestions, based on 26 months' experience of the Allied nations, for the standardization and procurement of machine tools by the United States government.

Reviewed in Iron trade review, March 29, 1917. American Wood Preservers Association. Handbook of wood preservation... Baltimore: Peters Pub. & Printing Co., 1916. v, 73 p. illus. 8°.

VQY

From the time when garlic boiled in vinegar was used for preserving timber, to the present cheap and efficient methods is an interesting history. This handbook traces the development, tells about the various processes, discusses the merits of the different chemicals, the uses of preserved woods, with statistics indicating the extent of the industry. There are lists of dealers in supplies and equipment, also a directory of wood preserving establishments in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. A notable feature is the excellent bibliography of 18 pages.

Belden, Edgar S. Building superintendence for steel structures; a practical work on the duties of a building superintendent for steel frame buildings and the proper methods of handling the materials of construction... Chicago: American Technical Society, 1917. 95, 3 p. illus. 8°. VEH

Author is vice-president of the George A. Fuller Construction Company. Does not attempt to go into the theory of design, but confines himself to the problems of superintendence alone, making clear the engineering, legal, and practical knowledge required. Gives details regarding the inspection of the steel material in the shops and the proper method of storing until needed.' The problems of erection are all treated- - equipment required, foundations, the handling of the steel, riveting and painting. Closes with advice as to the proper organization of the force, how the superintendent should work with architect and owner, and what qualities a good superintendent should possess.

Brown, Harold Warner. Electrical equipment. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1917. xiii, 229 p. 8°. VGC

illumination, the kinds of motors best adapted to particular purposes and costs, as well as a number of problems such as are met in actual practice. To facilitate study, data references are confined mainly to the Standard and the American handbooks, while Alexander Gray's Principles and practice of electrical engineering is depended upon for theory. Reviewed in Power, March 20, 1917.

Burrell, George Arthur. Gasoline and how to use it. Boston: Oil Statistical Society, Inc. [cop. 1916.] 281 p. 16°.

Desk-Tech. Div.

Much information has been packed into this small handbook, the aim of which is to lessen ignorance and carelessness in the use of gasoline; "to assist the motorist in getting a full measure of power, and incidentally to give him pointers as to the running and lubrication of his automobile"; to inform farmers and manufacturers regarding gasoline and in what nature of machine to use it; "to give the student, or professional oil man the whole story of gasoline or petroleum historically, scientifically, and practically"; and to describe some of its other uses, as in warfare, cleansing, and the paint and rubber industries. There is also information concerning gaso line substitutes, the use of alcohol and naphthalene as fuels, and the relative merits of benzol and gasoline. Well supplied with engineering data.

Reviewed in India rubber world, Feb. 1, 1917; Oil trade journal, March, 1917.

Croft, Terrell. Wiring for light and power; a detailed and fully illustrated commentary on the more important portions of the National Electric Code... New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1917. xii, 426 p. 8°. VGM

"Doubtless, the Code comprises the most comprehensive collection of directions for electrical wiring and installation ever compiled. It includes sections specifying installation methods for wiring and equipment for nearly all services and purposes. Its principal function is to specify wiring-and-installation methods which will minimize fire hazard and at the same time be economically feasible. Obviously, this is a broad field to cover. Hence, the rules of the Code should necessarily be, and are in many cases, very concise. In other words, the Code is almost wholly free from explanations or elaborations."

Mr. Croft, who has several other excellent handbooks to his credit, has in this practical and clearly written work supplied the desirable explanations and elaborations. Exceptionally well illustrated and indexed.

Unique in that it attacks the subject from the standpoint of the mechanical engineer. In addition to discussions of motors, generators, transformers, distribution systems, controlling and regulating apparatus, lightning arresters, measuring and indicating devices, there are chapters on storage batteries,

Industries and Industrial Arts, continued.

practice are included and the bibliography in Appendix 3 indicates where information relating to the principal electrifications may be obtained. Noteworthy are the line drawings, especially those showing the details of electric locomotives.

Durham, Harry William. Saws: their care and treatment... London: W. Rider & Son, Ltd. [1916. viii, 272 p. illus. 12°. (Rider's technical series. no. 12.) VFV

Deals almost exclusively with the design, sharpening, setting, hammering and tensioning of circular and band-saws. There are chapters on sharpening machines, testing and strength of saws, and driving power required.

Fay, Henry. Microscopic examination. of steel. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 917. iv, 18 p., 31 pl. 8°. (Wiley engineering series. v. 3.) VIR

Author is professor of analytical chemistry in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and consulting engineer to the Watertown Arsenal. There are 18 pages of text, including brief directions for polishing and etching, as well as a short list of books; also a number of photographic reproductions on heavy plate paper.

"A reprint of material originally published by the United States Ordnance Department, representing the results of investigations at the Watertown Arsenal. The text is very brief and to the point, and the photographs are very good. It is a mere outline of metallographic methods illustrated by typical examples, and is intended particularly to help learners or workers in metallography who need some precise advice and instruction in the interpretation of results. It is admirably suited to serve this end, within the limits imposed." — Metallurgical and chemical engi neering, May 1, 1917.

Franke, G. A handbook of briquetting ...translated by Fred. C. A. H. Lantsberry... v. 1. London: Charles Griffin & Co., 1917. xxviii, 631 p. illus. 8°. VHV

The author of this very timely work, the most thorough on the subject, is professor of mining, oredressing, and briquetting in the Royal Bergakademie, Berlin; the translator is a well-known Carnegie Research Scholar. Volume 1 treats with commendable detail the briquetting of coals, brown coals, and other fuels, discussing their technical, legal, statistical and economical relations, but representing German prac tice only. Well supplied with practicable drawings. Volume 2, dealing with ores, metallurgical products, metal swarf, and agglomerations, will, it is stated, be published shortly. For an excellent review see the Iron and coal trades review, Jan. 12, 1917.

Greene, Carelton. Wharves and piers, their design, construction, and equipment

New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1917. vii-xiv, 248 p. illus. 8°. VDN

This timely work represents modern American practice, with particular attention to wooden wharf construction. The peculiar requirements and construction methods of a large number of actual structures are described. Chapter 6 deals with sheds; chapter 7 with equipment, comprising fenders, mooring devices, wharf drops, pavements, railroad tracks, and fire prevention; chapter 8 with cargo handling machinery. The appendix cites itemized costs of actual construction. The drawings, most of them dimensioned, are clearly executed.

Hunt, Caroline L., and HANNAH L. WESSLING. Bread and bread making in the home. Washington: Gov. Prtg. Off., 1917.

Depart

25 p. illus. 8°. (United States. ment of Agriculture. Farmers' bulletin. no. 807.) Economics Div.

"This bulletin attempts to describe in simple terms the general principles on which bread making is based and suggests an easy standard method for making yeast-raised wheat bread in the ordinary household. It also indicates how this standard recipe may be modified to make different types of yeast-raised bread, and gives a few other recipes for breads made from other cereals than wheat or raised by other means than yeast."

Johnson, Joseph Esrey. Blast-furnace construction in America... New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1917. xi, 415 p. illus. 8°. VID

This comprehensive work, based partly upon investigations by the author, fills a long felt want in metallurgical literature. Enough of recent history is Degiven to show the present trend of the art. scribes the handling of the raw materials, filling the furnace, the equipment of the boiler plant, blowing apparatus, hot blast stoves, stacks, cleaning and washing of the gas, handling the iron and cinder, auxiliOf aries, and general arrangement of the plant. especial note is the chapter on the dry blast. It is stated that a companion volume entitled The principles, operation and products of the blast fur nace will be published in the near future.

Lanchester, F. W. The flying-machine from an engineering standpoint; a reprint of the "James Forrest" lecture, 1914, by permission of the Institution of Civil Engineers, including a discussion concerning the theory of sustentation and the expenditure of power in flight..... London: Constable and Company, Ltd., 1916. viii, 135 p. illus. 8°. VDY

The author, who is a well-known member of the British Advisory Committee on Aeronautics, states that for military reasons very little of a technical character has been added since the beginning of the war to the stock of public information concerning advances in aerodynamic knowledge and the art of aeroplane construction. His "James Forrest" lecture comprises the greater portion of the book and attempts to epitomize the subjects as they stood early in 1914.

For a lengthy review see Engineering, April 6, 1917. Also reviewed in Automobile engineer, Jan., 1917; Mechanical engineer, Jan. 19, 1917.

Leighou, Robert B. Chemistry of materials of the machine and building industries. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1917. xv, 449 p. illus. 8°. VOE

Intended for students who have a knowledge of elementary general chemistry, this carefully written volume of over 400 pages aims to emphasize the chemical properties of materials from the standpoint of the user rather than from that of the manufacturer. Chapters on primary and storage batteries, and on hydrometry have been included. The bibliographical footnotes and the lists of books and periodical references at the chapter endings make this an excellent reference for both the technical and the public library. Author is associate professor of chemistry in the Carnegie Institute of Technology.

Maddox, Harry A. Paper; its history, sources and manufacture... London: Sir I. Pitman & Sons, Ltd. [1916. viii, 159 p. illus. 8°. (Pitman's common commodities of commerce.) VMP

Although written primarily "for those concerned in making, handling, or using paper," this compre

This elementary treatise prepared for the use of midshipmen at the United States Naval Academy, deals chiefly with the details of types adopted by the navy, the only exception being the chapter on combined, or mixed, turbines. Several chapters are devoted to general principles, and there is information on condensing plants, heat losses and superheat, transmission, turbines for auxiliary machinery, lubri cation, and instructions for the care and operation of Parsons and Curtis turbines, with an appendix giving the decision of the United States Court of Appeals in the infringement case of the Curtis companies against the William Cramp & Sons Ship and Engine Company. A notable feature is the large number of excellent detail sheets.

Russell, Walter M. Operation of gas works. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1917. x, 209 p. illus. 8°. VOL

For the foreman, superintendent, engineer, or apprentice. The purpose is to give as simply and as clearly as possible, but with no sacrifice of completeness or accuracy, instructions for operating standard American types of apparatus in small or mediumsized plants, together with discussions of the prin ciples involved. It is stated that the operations described have all been successfully tried out upon a commercial scale. The most recent developments, however, in mechanical operation, mass carbonization, and water gas operation have been omitted. Chapter 1 deals with organization and management; and chapter 6 with calorimetry and photometry.

Noticed in Power, March 20, 1917; Gas age, Feb. 15, 1917; Gas Institute news, March, 1917.

Steinmetz, Charles Proteus. Theory and calculation of electric circuits... New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1917. xvi, 361 p. diagr. tables. 8°. VGM

Doctor Steinmetz is America's best known authority in the field of electrical mathematics. In revising his well known Alternating current phenomena for the fifth edition, the great increase in size made it necessary to divide the work into three parts, of which the present work is the second.

"In the following volume I have discussed the most important characteristics of the fundamental conception of electrical engineering, such as electric conduction, magnetism, wave shape, the meaning of reactance and similar terms, the problems of stability and instability of electric systems, etc., and have given a more extended application of the method of complex quantities, which the experience of these twenty years has shown to be the most powerful tool in dealing with alternating current phenomena.". Preface.

Stillman, Thomas Bliss. Engineering chemistry. Easton, Pa.: Chemical Publishing Co., 1916. v-viii, 760 p. 5. ed. 8°. VOE

Fifth edition of this well known guide to the testing and examination of engineering materials. Although the author died in August, 1915, at a time when a complete revision was well under way, the work was continued by his two sons in a thorough

and satisfactory manner. For a statement of the many changes made see the Engineering news for February 15, 1917. A notable feature of the work is a number of late United States navy specifications. Also reviewed in Ice and refrigeration, March, 1917.

Tilden, Sir William A. Chemical discovery and invention in the twentieth century... London: George Routledge & Sons, Ltd. [1916. xvi, 487 p. 8°. VO

A companion volume to Edward Cressy's excellent work Discoveries and inventions of the 20th century. Occasional formulae and molecular diagrams should not dissuade the general reader the book is intended for him. Part 1 tells a great deal about the wonderful facilities of modern laboratories. Part 2, entitled Modern discoveries and theories, deals in an interesting and simple way with chemical laws. electrons, radium, genesis and transmutations of the elements, solutions, electrolysis, catalysis, the architecture of molecules, the microscope and ultramicroscopic colloids. Part 3 explains practical applications, comprising chapters on hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, metals, luminosity of flames, petrol, coal tar, dyes, drugs, perfumes and essential oils, cellulose products, rubber, explosives, and the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. Part 4 has to do with a record of the progress in organic chemistry, with chapters on sugar, proteins, natural colours, and enzymes. A noteworthy book that should be in every public library.

This untechnical, simply written story "opens with the primitive' methods of message sending by fire or smoke or other signals. The life and experi ments of Morse are then pictured and the dramatic story of the invention and development of the tele phone is set forth. The submarine cable followed with the struggles of Field, the business executive, and Thompson, the inventor and scientific expert... The early life of Alexander Graham Bell was full of color, and I have told the story of his patient investigations of human speech and hearing, which finally culminated in a practical telephone. follows the fascinating story of Marconi and the wireless telegraph. Last comes the story of the wireless telephone... An inner view of the marvelous development of the telephone is added in the appen. dix.' From the preface.

There

ECONOMICS, SOCIOLOGY AND POLITICAL

SCIENCE

Bancroft, Hugh. Inheritance taxes for investors; some practical notes on the inheritance tax laws of each of the states of the United States, with particular reference to their application to non-resident investors. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1917. 5 p.1., 133(1) p. 2. ed. 12°. TIR

Ellwood, Charles Abram. An introduction to social psychology. New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1917. xii p., 11., 343 p. 12°. YES

The author says of his book "that a simple statement of the bearings of modern psychological theories upon the problems of social organization and evolu

Economics, Sociology, etc., continued.

tion may be useful as a basis for the construction of general sociological theories, and as an introduction to sociology and the social sciences in general." It aims to show "that the explanation of social phe nomena is to be sought in the underlying traits and dispositions of the individual, in the influences of the environment which act upon his plastic nature, and in the resultant aims and standards which he develops."

Ferri, Enrico. Criminal sociology. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1917. xlv, 577 p. 8°. (Modern criminal science series. v. 9.) SLG

Furniss, H. Sanderson, editor. The industrial outlook by various writers. London: Chatto & Windus, 1917. ix, 402 p. 8°. TDB

A discussion of industry in England as affected by the war. The contents are: Employers and property; The war and the status of the wage earner; Labour organization; The control of industry by producers and consumers; Rural problems; Credit and banking; Industry and taxation; The state and the control of industry.

Gribble, Francis. Women in war. London: Sampson Low, Marston and Co., 1916. viii, 342 p. 8°. SNE

The stories of women whose bravery in actual battle or whose work in war has made them famous, from the Amazons to Miss Cavell.

Higgs, Henry. National economy. An outline of public administration. London: Macmillan and Co., 1917. xii, 147 p. 8°.

TID

The Newmarch lectures delivered at University College, London, in November and December, 1916. The subjects are: National economy and formal finance; Economical organization and business management; Control of expenditure; Revenue and administration; Financial policy and the budget; Public debt and haute finance.

Husband, Joseph. The story of the Pullman car. Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co., 1917. 161 p. illus. 8°. TPD

A profusely illustrated history of the Pullman Company, and of the evolution of the Pullman car, showing the methods of its construction and operation.

Kemble, William Fretz. Choosing employees by mental and physical tests. New York: Engineering Magazine Co., 1917. xi, ii, 333 p. 8°. TMP

The choice of the right man may bring a company enormous profit. This book describes methods of examining employees, from executive down, both for physical and mental capacity. There are numerous illustrations of apparatus employed in making various tests.

Kirkpatrick, Marion G. The rural school from within. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co. [1917.1 303 p. illus. 8°. STE

Lauck, W. Jett, and EDGAR SYDENSTRICKER. Conditions of labor in American industries. A summarization of the results of recent investigations. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Co., 1917. xi, 403 p. 8°. TDI

"The present volume is designed to meet a practi

cal need for a compact collection of the results of the large number of investigations and studies of conditions under which the American wage earner and his family work and live. It is presented merely as a summarization of the principal and fundamental facts that have been ascertained during the past decade and a half; it is not intended to be a critical discussion of these facts, or to be an argument in favor of or against any partisan conclusion or any remedial program."

The principal topics are: the labor force, racial composition of industrial workers; wages and earnings; loss in working time; conditions causing irregular employment; working conditions; the wage earner's family; living conditions; wage earner's health; the adequacy of wages and earnings.

Lewis, Burdette Gibson. The offender and his relations to law and society. New York: Harper & Brothers [1917]. 9 p.l., [3-382 p. 8°. SLG

The author is commissioner of correction, city of New York.

In his introduction he says: "In the following pages will be found the results of my study and of my experience. I have attempted to point out how the correctional system of a state should be developed, and from what point of view its various correctional institutions should be managed. There are chapters dealing with the court, with the different systems of classification, with probation and parole, with the clearing-house laboratory for scientific investigation, with the indeterminate and the definite sentence, with autocratic government and discipline and other systems of government, including the so-called modern self-government system, with institutional organization and treatment, with prison labor, with industrial training, with details of institutional management, and with institutional procedure." Lough, William Henry. Business finance; a practical study of financial management in private business concerns. New York: Ronald Press Co., 1917. xiv, 631 p. tables. 8°. TN

"The subject matter of the book falls naturally into five distinct parts:

Part I begins with a brief exposition of the essential principles of all sound financing; it is devoted for the most part to a description of the different forms of financial organization of business enterprises, taking up in turn the individual proprietorship, the firm or partnership, and the corporation.

Part II discusses the various forms of security issues and the manner in which they may be combined and organized as determined by the basis of capitalization of the particular enterprise.

Part III treats of the methods of raising capital through the sale of securities and the usual forms of promotion and underwriting.

Part IV deals with efficient financial management; how capital funds are invested; how the amount required for working capital is ascertained; the proper management of capital and income through budgets; and some of the financial standards which should be kept in view.

Part y treats of financial mismanagement and irregularities, and of the processes of reorganization."

Nevins, Allan. Illinois. New York: Oxford University Press, 1917. vi p., 21., 378 p., 9 pl., 3 ports. 12°. (American college and university series.) STG

The history of the University of Illinois.

Ogg, Frederick Austin. Economic development of modern Europe. New York: Macmillan Co., 1917. xvi, 657 p. 8°. TAH

"It is the purpose of this book to indicate the origins, and to explain with some fullness the nature

Economics, Sociology, etc., continued.

and effects, of a number of the more important economic changes and achievements in Europe dur ing the past three hundred years. The vastness of the field has made necessary close calculation of proportions, and to the end that the volume might prove more than a sheer outline it has seemed desirable to adhere to three early decisions... first, to deal with the developments of the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in only such aspects as seem essential to a reasonably clear comprehension of the transition from mediaeval to later modern economy...second, to omit altogether some phases of economic history which are of large consequence but of specially technical character, notably public finance; and, third, to restrict attention substantially to three leading countries, namely, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, France, and Germany."

Shively, Nilas Oran. The U book: selling one's self, from 10 a week to 100,000 a year. Chicago: Shively Service Bureau [1917]. vii, 407 p. 8°. TMG

Advice for salesmen on the personal characteristics requisite for success in their business and on the methods to be employed in dealing with different types of people.

Sims, Newell Leroy. Ultimate democracy and its making. Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co., 1917. 6 p.l., 347 p. 8°. SEB (Room 229) Based upon a series of lectures on the history and ultimate aims of democracy.

Stevens, William H. S. Unfair competition. A study of certain practices with some reference to the trust problem in the United States of America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1917. xiii, 265 p. 12°. TN

Thompson, Clarence Bertrand. The Taylor system of scientific management. Chicago: A. W. Shaw Company [cop. 1917). 175 p. 8°. TME

The purpose of this report is "to tell just what the Taylor system is; not alone in theory, its history, or the arguments around and about it, but enough of its mechanism, its methods of development and operation in actual practice, to enable the inquiring manager to visualize in some detail the system itself.

It must be clearly understood, however, that the Taylor system is not a fixed set of forms and mechanisms, once for all worked out and transferable bodily from plant to plant. The system as described in this manual consists of those details which are common to a large number of plants systematized by members of the Taylor group."

Walling, William English, and HARRY W. LAIDLER. State socialism pro and con. Official documents and other authoritative selections showing the world-wide replacement of private by governmental industry before and during the war. With a chapter on municipal socialism by Evans Clark. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1917. xliv, 649 p. 8°. SF

Ward, Harry F. The labor movement from the standpoint of religious values... New York: Sturgis and Walton Co., 1917. viii p., 11., 199 p. 8°.

TDB

Lectures delivered at Ford Hall, Boston, under an

Cajori, Florian. A history of elementary mathematics, with hints on methods of teaching. New York: Macmillan Co., 1917. viii, 324 p. rev. and enl. ed. 8°. OEC

Comstock, Daniel Frost, and L. T. TROLAND. The nature of matter and electricity; an outline of modern views. New York: D. Van Nostrand Co., 1917. xxii, 203 p., 10 pl., 1 port. diagr., tables. 8°. PAW

Grant, James. The chemistry of breadmaking. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1917. vi p., 11., 230 p., 4 pl. illus. 2. ed. 12°. PPK