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"Educated in Harvard and Göttingen, after a teaching experience in Antioch College, O., and the Agricultural College of Pa., he was the first professor appointed to the Faculty of Cornell, where he presided for 34 years over the Chemical Department, while it grew from a small class room and laboratory until it taxed the capacity of two large buildings with a teaching staff of 21-one of the leading centers of chemical education and achievement in the world.

"In the chemical profession he early took high rank, his book on agricultural chemical analysis, the first work on that subject in English, was at once accepted as an authority and aroused an active interest in the important field which had been so brilliantly exploited by Liebig in Germany. His text books on analytical chemistry received a correspondingly wide appreciation and adoption.

"It was characteristic of Professor Caldwell that he kept himself in closest touch with all advances in a rapidly developing and almost illimitable subject, and unfolded this to his students in class room and laboratory, inculcating and enforcing such precision of method and thoroughness as would make all work of a full and permanent value. The many students, trained under him, and who now occupy prominent positions in teaching, in government service, in agricultural experiment stations and in collegiate and industrial positions, and their uniform success, bear forcible testimony to the efficiency and value of Professor Caldwell's teaching.

"His varied and comprehensive acquaintance with all divisions of the field of chemistry and the critical acumen with which he had worked out each subject received deserved recognition when, in 1892, he was elected to the presidency of the American Chemical Society.

"This great capacity for accurate and excellent work was early recognized by the Faculty, in which he served as Secretary from 1872 to 1886. The intimate acquaintance thus secured with all departments of the University work rendered him a trusted and valued adviser in all matters of university policy.

"Not of an assertive nature Dr. Caldwell stood out as a great man on the basis of strenuous work, thoroughness in every detail, accuracy in every result, and a sound judgment in seeking and arriving at the truth.

"His social life harmonized with his professional. His was the quiet, abiding friendship, the valued advice, the sterling example, the safe guidance. His students owed their prospects in life no less to this worthy influence than to the great excellence of his instruction, and everywhere they unite in thankfulness that they were brought under the influence of such a man. His name is to us a memory of one of the early builders of the University, a man deeply imbued with the scientific spirit, one who inspired his students to their best efforts in spite of the personally unostentatious disposition, a sincere lover of truth, and a worker who never wearied in welldoing.

JAMES LAW,

B. G. WILDer,
L. M. DENNIS."

The year was also marked by the death of William Arnold Anthony, for fifteen years professor of physics in Cornell University. A memorial service was held in Sage Chapel on June 12th and the following resolutions were adopted by the University Faculty:

"Whereas, in the death of William Arnold Anthony, Ph.B., Professor of Physics in Cornell University from 1872-87, who departed this life on the 29th of May, 1908, in his 73rd year, many members of this Faculty who were his colleagues or his pupils have suffered a personal bereavement; and

"Whereas, he was a notable figure among the earlier engineers in America, a man of science, of rare gifts, a pioneer in technical and scientific education, a teacher almost unequaled in his power of inspiring and influencing his pupils and a man admired and beloved by all who knew him;

"Be it resolved, that we the members of the University Faculty desire to give expression to our sense of the great loss sustained by science and the cause of education in the death of this untiring devotee of sound scientific learning, whose long life was spent in the service of mankind; this strong hearted, generous, single-minded man, our former associate, whose friendship we have ever cherished and whose memory we delight to honor.

"Be it further resolved, that these resolutions be entered on the minutes of the Faculty and that copies be sent to the faculty of the Cooper Union, and to the surviving members of his family.'

I. ADMISSION BY CERTIFICATE

During the year 1907-1908, the number of schools from which students were received by certificate was 223 and the number of students presenting certificates was 459. The number of schools whose students had no mark below a pass was 102 and the number of students admitted with no mark below a pass was 252. Thirteen schools received a general warning. Two were warned for special subjects and two were dropped from the list of accredited schools. Seven schools which were warned in February, 1906, and seven warned in February, 1907, which have not since that date sent students to the University, were continued as on probation.

In my last report I called attention to a movement for the creation of a board for accrediting schools in the middle states and Maryland. At its last meeting the Association of Colleges and Preparatory Schools of the Middle States and Maryland appointed a committee to call a meeting of delegates from the colleges in the middle states and Maryland, members of the Association, who desired to participate in the organization of a College Entrance Certificate Board." This committee issued March 6, 1908, an invitation to Cornell University to take part in a meeting for the above men

tioned purpose. This invitation was accepted and the Dean of the University was present at a meeting in Philadelphia on May 9th, when an organization was effected and a constitution adopted. At a subsequent meeting of the committee appointed for that purpose some rules of procedure were adopted. The constitution and rules of procedure will be submitted to the next meeting of the Association of Colleges and Preparatory Schools of the Middle States and Maryland, and, if adopted, will be referred to the colleges of that Association for their approval. It would not be proper here to enter into the details of the proposed "College Entrance Certificate Board." But it may be said that its purpose is the same as that of a similar organization in the New England states and in the states of the middle west. The board will decide the questions of the qualification of schools and their continuation upon the list of accredited schools and there will probably be a uniform certificate blank. It is not the purpose of the proposed board to interfere in any way with the College Entrance Examination Board or to favor admission by certificate rather than by examination, but merely to promote the efficiency of the present system in the case of colleges admitting students by certificate.

If the proposed board is approved by the Association of Colleges and Preparatory Schools of the Middle States and Maryland and subsequently by a majority of colleges in that Association, the individual colleges which now admit students on certificate will be relieved of many difficulties. The objection to admission by certificate so far as Cornell University is concerned has never been on account of the scholarship of the students admitted by certificate, but almost exclusively on the ground of the difficulty of administering the system. The friction between the University and the schools has at times been considerable and disagreeable. This will, of course, be wholly removed when schools are placed upon the accredited list and removed from it by a board which also prescribes the form of certificate and the rules and regulations for its use. a view to securing a uniform certificate blank, the chairman of the Committee on Admission by Certificate has entered into correspondence with the various departments in the University which have special requirements for admission, such as the submission of notebooks, detailed statement of studies, names and amount of authors read, etc. It seems probable that in most cases these special requirements will be relinquished and the statement of the school accepted.

With

2. COMMITTEE ON STUDENT AFFAIRS

At a meeting of the University Faculty held November 8, 1907, a resolution was introduced abolishing the Committee on Student Conduct and the Committee on Student Organizations and substituting for these two committees a committee to be designated Committee on Student Affairs. On the 10th of January, 1908, the Faculty voted that the Committee on Student Conduct be abolished and that its functions, the Trustees consenting, be transferred to the Committee on Student Organizations "whose title is hereby changed to read: The Committee on Student Affairs." The new committee was appointed by the President at the meeting of February 14, 1908, under a resolution presented to the Faculty on December 13, 1907, and passed January 10, 1908. The resolution in question is as follows:

"Resolved, that the following standing committees of the University Faculty, namely, Admission by Certificate, Graduate Work and Advanced Degrees, Scholarships and Student Organizations be re-constituted as follows:

"I. Each of these committees shall consist of the Dean, exofficio, and eight members of the University Faculty to be appointed by the President upon the adoption of this resolution.

"2. Of the eight members to be thus appointed, two shall be appointed to serve until November 1st, 1908, two until November 1st, 1909, two until November 1st, 1910 and two until November 1st, 1911.

"3. Vacancies to occur by the expiration of a term on November 1st of each year shall be filled by appointments to be made annually in October by the President.

"4. A member appointed for a full term of four years, or a member appointed to fill a term of more than one year shall not be eligible to renewed appointment at the end of that term.

"5. Vacancies occurring before the expiration of a term shall be filled by appointment by the President for the remainder of the unexpired term.

"6. In case of temporary inability to act, due to absence from the University or other cause, an ad interim appointment may be made by the President to be effective while the inability of the regular member continues."

It was understood that the Registrar should continue to act as before as secretary of the Committee on Admission by Certificate and the Committee on Student Affairs.

Since February 14, 1908, the functions formerly exercised by the Committee on Student Organizations and on Student Conduct have been discharged by the single Committee on Student Affairs.

The most important action of the year dealing with student organizations was that taken February 14, 1908, when the Univer

sity Faculty on the recommendation of the Committee on Student Affairs adopted the following amendment to the Rules Governing Student Organizations:

"In applying Rule IIc to baseball, any person, who, after April 1st, 1908, plays under a name other than his own, or who plays in a contest at which an admission fee is charged except as a member or representative of a school or college team, shall be conclusively presumed to have violated this rule."

The following explanation of this action of the Faculty was made by the chairman of the Committee:

"For a long time the need has been felt of some way of enforcing the rule of the Brown Conference rendering ineligible those who have received remuneration for participation in any branch of sport. The principal difficulty occurs in summer baseball where the players receive remuneration directly or indirectly from the proceeds of the

game.

"Owing to the circumstances under which these games are played it is in most cases impossible to establish the violation of the rule. Even where a student plays in such games without remuneration he is suspected of receiving it and discredit is thrown upon the college team on which he afterwards plays.

"The Faculty on the recommendation of the Committee on Student Affairs, (the former Committee on Student Organizations), has therefore adopted a rule creating a presumption arising from ascertainable facts which usually accompany a violation of the rule. There can be no justification for playing under an assumed name, and while a student may play without remuneration in games for which admission is charged, it is felt that for the sake of the reputation of the college all suspicion of the violation of the rule should be avoided."

The rule to which the amendment applies is IIc of the Rules Governing Student Organizations and reads as follows:

"II. Intercollegiate Athletic Contests in General. No person shall represent the University in any intercollegiate athletic contest either at home or abroad;

"c. If he receives or has ever received any remuneration or consideration of any sort for his services in any branch, as performer, player, coach, or otherwise, apart from such necessary expenses as are actually incurred by him as a member of a college team, or of a permanent amateur organization in connection with occasional amateur contests."

The amendment is:

"In applying Rule IIc to baseball, any person, who, after April 1st, 1908, plays under a name other than his own, or who plays in a contest at which an admission fee is charged, except as a member or representative of a school or college team, shall be conclusively presumed to have violated this rule."

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