...provided an exemption to criminal liability where the abortion "shall have been necessary to preserve the life of such woman, or shall have been advised by two physicians to be necessary for such purpose.""2 The exemption is extremely stringent. The child's life was considered so precious,...

...the miscarriage or abortion of any such woman, unless the same shall have been necessary to preserve the life of such woman, or shall have been advised by two physicians to be necessary for :hat purpose, shall, upon conviction, be punished as prescribed in section 4310 of the Revised •Code...

...provided an exemption to criminal liability where the abortion "shall have been necessary to preserve the life of such woman, or shall have been advised by two physicians to be necessary for such purpose."152 The exemption is extremely stringent. The child's life was considered so precious,...

...the miscarriage or abortion of any such woman, unless the same shall have been necessary to preserve the life of such woman, or shall have been advised by two physicians to he necessary for :hat purpose, shall, upon conviction, be punished as prescribed In section 4310 of...

...destroy such child, unless the same shall have been necessary to preserve the life of such mother, or shall have been advised by two physicians to be necessary for such purposes, shall in case the death of such child or of such mother, be thereby produced, be deemed...

...destroy such child, unless the same shall have been necessary to preserve the life of such mother, or shall have been advised by two physicians to be necessary for such purposes, shall in case the death of such child or of such mother, be thereby produced, be deemed...

...exceptions in cases where "the same shall have been necessary to preserve the life of such mother, or shall have been advised by two physicians to be necessary for such purpose." Though New York had dropped the "two physicians" phrase and retained only the "life...

...postquickening abortion. These were that the abortion "shall have been necessary to preserve the life" of the woman "or shall have been advised by two physicians to be necessary for that purpose."26 In the 1840s, Americans became acutely concerned with abortion, the incidence of which...

...the exception clause: "unless the same shall have been necessary to preserve the life of such mother, or shall have been advised by two physicians to be necessary for such purpose." The clause is quite stringent, requiring objective necessity or medical judgments of...

...miscarriage of any suck woman, unless the same shall have been necessary to preserve the life of suck woman, or shall have been advised by two physicians to be necessary for thai purpose; shall, upon conviction, be punished by imprisonment in a county jail not more than one...