 | Robert A. Dahl - 2008 - 272 หน้า
...political leaders to compete for votes 6. Alternative sources of information 7. Free and fair elections 8. Institutions for making government policies depend on votes and other expressions of preference Now from examination of the list of eight institutional guarantees, it appears that they might provide... | |
 | Anthony Giddens - 1981 - 412 หน้า
...Alternative sources of information 8 Elections to decide who is to hold top authority 9 Organizations for making government policies depend on votes and other expressions of preference. The modes in which these are given concrete form obviously may vary very considerably and phrases such... | |
 | Alex Inkeles - 1991 - 246 หน้า
...for support and votes, (6) alternative sources of information, (7) free and fair elections, and (8) institutions for making government policies depend on votes and other expressions of preference. Table 1 classifies Dahl's eight "requirements for a democracy" under either the political rights or... | |
 | Gregory J. Kasza - 2023 - 360 หน้า
...include freedom of expression, access to alternative sources of information, free and fair elections, and institutions for making government policies depend...on votes and other expressions of preference; these requirements could not be met in the absence of autonomous media organs.43 The close logical association... | |
 | Adam B. Seligman - 1995 - 258 หน้า
...alternative sources of information (what we would call a free press), (7) free and fair elections, and (8) institutions for making government policies depend on votes and other expressions of preference.1 This list, taken from Robert Dahl's Polyarchy, published in 1971 and used by many social... | |
 | Michael Coppedge - 1994 - 266 หน้า
...polyarchy: universal suffrage, freedom of expression, and the formal institutions, such as legislatures, "for making government policies depend on votes and other expressions of preference." But because all the conditions are interconnected, the parties' interference with one condition distorts... | |
 | Stephen White, Alex Pravda, Zvi Y. Gitelman - 2001 - 356 หน้า
...right to compete for support/votes; alternative sources of information; free and fair elections; and institutions for making government policies depend on votes and other expressions of preference (Dahl, 1971). Both definitions encompass the sources of authority for government, the purposes served... | |
 | Alfred C. Stepan - 2001 - 388 หน้า
...for support and votes; (6) alternative sources of information; (7) free and fair elections; and (8) institutions for making government policies depend on votes and other expressions of preference.10 My colleague Juan J. Linz and I accept the eight Dahlian institutional guarantees as... | |
 | Kees Koonings, Dirk Kruijt - 2002 - 420 หน้า
...compete tor support/votes; (6) alternative sources of information; (7) free and fair elections and; (8) institutions for making government policies depend on votes and other expressions of preference. 22 For the concept of 'political direction', see Oliveira and Scares (forthcoming in 2001). Itamar... | |
 | Cameron Ross - 2002 - 196 หน้า
...leaders to compete for votes, 6) alternative sources of information, 7) free and fair elections, 8) institutions for making government policies depend on votes and other expressions of preference.18 Dahl groups these eight factors into the following three essential attributes of a democratic... | |
| |
... 1. Freedom to form and join organizations 2. Freedom of expression 3. Right to vote 4. Eligibility for public office 5. Right of political leaders to compete for support 5a. 
